Sequential Extraction and Attenuated Total Reflection–Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Monitoring in the Biorefining of Brewer’s Spent Grain
The brewing industry plays a significant role in producing a substantial annual volume of by-products, which contributes to the global accumulation of food waste. The primary by-product generated is brewer’s spent grain (BSG), a lignocellulosic biomass rich in proteins, fiber, and moisture content....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/24/7992 |
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| author | Ilary Belardi Assunta Marrocchi Vincenzo Alfeo Valeria Sileoni Giovanni De Francesco Marco Paolantoni Ombretta Marconi |
| author_facet | Ilary Belardi Assunta Marrocchi Vincenzo Alfeo Valeria Sileoni Giovanni De Francesco Marco Paolantoni Ombretta Marconi |
| author_sort | Ilary Belardi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The brewing industry plays a significant role in producing a substantial annual volume of by-products, which contributes to the global accumulation of food waste. The primary by-product generated is brewer’s spent grain (BSG), a lignocellulosic biomass rich in proteins, fiber, and moisture content. Leveraging biorefining and valorization techniques for BSG represents a promising strategy to enhance sustainability, resilience, and circularity within the brewing chain. To date, most studies have focused on extracting proteins from BSG. Yet, it is crucial to note that the fiber part of BSG also holds considerable potential for biorefining processes. This study introduces a novel sequential extraction method designed to integrally recover the major components of BSG. Notably, it introduces a reactive extraction approach that enables the simultaneous extraction and tuneable functionalization of the hemicellulose component. Additionally, the study assesses the utility of the attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy as a user-friendly tool to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of the fractionation process. This spectroscopic technique can provide valuable insights into the changes and composition of BSG throughout the extraction process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:29:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-53ffb5efcfd1494c8cfd6478392bec20 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:29:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-53ffb5efcfd1494c8cfd6478392bec202023-12-22T14:27:19ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-12-012824799210.3390/molecules28247992Sequential Extraction and Attenuated Total Reflection–Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Monitoring in the Biorefining of Brewer’s Spent GrainIlary Belardi0Assunta Marrocchi1Vincenzo Alfeo2Valeria Sileoni3Giovanni De Francesco4Marco Paolantoni5Ombretta Marconi6Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, ItalyItalian Brewing Research Centre (CERB), University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, ItalyDepartment of Economic and Legal Sciences, Universitas Mercatorum, 00186 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, ItalyDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06121 Perugia, ItalyThe brewing industry plays a significant role in producing a substantial annual volume of by-products, which contributes to the global accumulation of food waste. The primary by-product generated is brewer’s spent grain (BSG), a lignocellulosic biomass rich in proteins, fiber, and moisture content. Leveraging biorefining and valorization techniques for BSG represents a promising strategy to enhance sustainability, resilience, and circularity within the brewing chain. To date, most studies have focused on extracting proteins from BSG. Yet, it is crucial to note that the fiber part of BSG also holds considerable potential for biorefining processes. This study introduces a novel sequential extraction method designed to integrally recover the major components of BSG. Notably, it introduces a reactive extraction approach that enables the simultaneous extraction and tuneable functionalization of the hemicellulose component. Additionally, the study assesses the utility of the attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy as a user-friendly tool to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of the fractionation process. This spectroscopic technique can provide valuable insights into the changes and composition of BSG throughout the extraction process.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/24/7992brewer’s spent grainbiorefinerybiomass valorizationATR-FTIR spectroscopy |
| spellingShingle | Ilary Belardi Assunta Marrocchi Vincenzo Alfeo Valeria Sileoni Giovanni De Francesco Marco Paolantoni Ombretta Marconi Sequential Extraction and Attenuated Total Reflection–Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Monitoring in the Biorefining of Brewer’s Spent Grain Molecules brewer’s spent grain biorefinery biomass valorization ATR-FTIR spectroscopy |
| title | Sequential Extraction and Attenuated Total Reflection–Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Monitoring in the Biorefining of Brewer’s Spent Grain |
| title_full | Sequential Extraction and Attenuated Total Reflection–Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Monitoring in the Biorefining of Brewer’s Spent Grain |
| title_fullStr | Sequential Extraction and Attenuated Total Reflection–Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Monitoring in the Biorefining of Brewer’s Spent Grain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sequential Extraction and Attenuated Total Reflection–Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Monitoring in the Biorefining of Brewer’s Spent Grain |
| title_short | Sequential Extraction and Attenuated Total Reflection–Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Monitoring in the Biorefining of Brewer’s Spent Grain |
| title_sort | sequential extraction and attenuated total reflection fourier transform infrared spectroscopy monitoring in the biorefining of brewer s spent grain |
| topic | brewer’s spent grain biorefinery biomass valorization ATR-FTIR spectroscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/24/7992 |
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