L-Glutaminase Synthesis by Marine <i>Halomonas meridiana</i> Isolated from the Red Sea and Its Efficiency against Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines
L-glutaminase is an important anticancer agent that is used extensively worldwide by depriving cancer cells of L-glutamine. The marine bacterium, <i>Halomonas meridian</i> was isolated from the Red Sea and selected as the more active L-glutaminase-producing bacteria. L-glutaminase fermen...
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2021-03-01
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| author | Yasser S. Mostafa Saad A. Alamri Mohammad Y. Alfaifi Sulaiman A. Alrumman Serag Eldin I. Elbehairi Tarek H. Taha Mohamed Hashem |
| author_facet | Yasser S. Mostafa Saad A. Alamri Mohammad Y. Alfaifi Sulaiman A. Alrumman Serag Eldin I. Elbehairi Tarek H. Taha Mohamed Hashem |
| author_sort | Yasser S. Mostafa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | L-glutaminase is an important anticancer agent that is used extensively worldwide by depriving cancer cells of L-glutamine. The marine bacterium, <i>Halomonas meridian</i> was isolated from the Red Sea and selected as the more active L-glutaminase-producing bacteria. L-glutaminase fermentation was optimized at 36 h, pH 8.0, 37 °<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">C</span>, and 3.0% NaCl, using glucose at 1.5% and soybean meal at 2%. The purified enzyme showed a specific activity of 36.08 U/mg, and the molecular weight was found to be 57 kDa by the SDS-PAGE analysis. The enzyme was highly active at pH 8.0 and 37 °C. The kinetics’ parameters of <i>Km</i> and <i>Vmax</i> were 12.2 × 10<sup>−6</sup> M and 121.95 μmol/mL/min, respectively, which reflects a higher affinity for its substrate. The anticancer efficiency of the enzyme showed significant toxic activity toward colorectal adenocarcinoma cells; LS 174 T (IC50 7.0 μg/mL) and HCT 116 (IC50 13.2 μg/mL). A higher incidence of cell death was observed with early apoptosis in HCT 116 than in LS 174 T, whereas late apoptosis was observed in LS 174 T more than in HCT 116. Also, the L-glutaminase induction nuclear fragmentation in HCT 116 was more than that in the LS 174T cells. This is the first report on <i>Halomonas meridiana</i> as an L-glutaminase producer that is used as an anti-colorectal cancer agent. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:44:24Z |
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| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:44:24Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-542733609c54406b947ee431280a873c2023-11-21T13:35:13ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-03-01267196310.3390/molecules26071963L-Glutaminase Synthesis by Marine <i>Halomonas meridiana</i> Isolated from the Red Sea and Its Efficiency against Colorectal Cancer Cell LinesYasser S. Mostafa0Saad A. Alamri1Mohammad Y. Alfaifi2Sulaiman A. Alrumman3Serag Eldin I. Elbehairi4Tarek H. Taha5Mohamed Hashem6Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaEnvironmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research & Technological Applications, P.O. Box 21934, Alexandria, EgyptDepartment of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaL-glutaminase is an important anticancer agent that is used extensively worldwide by depriving cancer cells of L-glutamine. The marine bacterium, <i>Halomonas meridian</i> was isolated from the Red Sea and selected as the more active L-glutaminase-producing bacteria. L-glutaminase fermentation was optimized at 36 h, pH 8.0, 37 °<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">C</span>, and 3.0% NaCl, using glucose at 1.5% and soybean meal at 2%. The purified enzyme showed a specific activity of 36.08 U/mg, and the molecular weight was found to be 57 kDa by the SDS-PAGE analysis. The enzyme was highly active at pH 8.0 and 37 °C. The kinetics’ parameters of <i>Km</i> and <i>Vmax</i> were 12.2 × 10<sup>−6</sup> M and 121.95 μmol/mL/min, respectively, which reflects a higher affinity for its substrate. The anticancer efficiency of the enzyme showed significant toxic activity toward colorectal adenocarcinoma cells; LS 174 T (IC50 7.0 μg/mL) and HCT 116 (IC50 13.2 μg/mL). A higher incidence of cell death was observed with early apoptosis in HCT 116 than in LS 174 T, whereas late apoptosis was observed in LS 174 T more than in HCT 116. Also, the L-glutaminase induction nuclear fragmentation in HCT 116 was more than that in the LS 174T cells. This is the first report on <i>Halomonas meridiana</i> as an L-glutaminase producer that is used as an anti-colorectal cancer agent.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/7/1963<i>Halomonas meridian</i>L-glutaminaseproduction16S rRNA genepurificationcolorectal cancer |
| spellingShingle | Yasser S. Mostafa Saad A. Alamri Mohammad Y. Alfaifi Sulaiman A. Alrumman Serag Eldin I. Elbehairi Tarek H. Taha Mohamed Hashem L-Glutaminase Synthesis by Marine <i>Halomonas meridiana</i> Isolated from the Red Sea and Its Efficiency against Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines Molecules <i>Halomonas meridian</i> L-glutaminase production 16S rRNA gene purification colorectal cancer |
| title | L-Glutaminase Synthesis by Marine <i>Halomonas meridiana</i> Isolated from the Red Sea and Its Efficiency against Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines |
| title_full | L-Glutaminase Synthesis by Marine <i>Halomonas meridiana</i> Isolated from the Red Sea and Its Efficiency against Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines |
| title_fullStr | L-Glutaminase Synthesis by Marine <i>Halomonas meridiana</i> Isolated from the Red Sea and Its Efficiency against Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines |
| title_full_unstemmed | L-Glutaminase Synthesis by Marine <i>Halomonas meridiana</i> Isolated from the Red Sea and Its Efficiency against Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines |
| title_short | L-Glutaminase Synthesis by Marine <i>Halomonas meridiana</i> Isolated from the Red Sea and Its Efficiency against Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines |
| title_sort | l glutaminase synthesis by marine i halomonas meridiana i isolated from the red sea and its efficiency against colorectal cancer cell lines |
| topic | <i>Halomonas meridian</i> L-glutaminase production 16S rRNA gene purification colorectal cancer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/7/1963 |
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