Multichannel Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined With Treadmill Gait Training in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study
BackgroundGait problems are critical impairments in Parkinson's disease (PD) and are related to increased risk of fall and negatively impact activities of daily life. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that can modify the cortical excita...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neurology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.804206/full |
| _version_ | 1828856707755802624 |
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| author | Yoonju Na Jinuk Kim Jinuk Kim Su-Hyun Lee Jihye Kim Jungsoo Lee Se Young Shin Won Hyuk Chang Jin Whan Cho Yun-Hee Kim Yun-Hee Kim Yun-Hee Kim |
| author_facet | Yoonju Na Jinuk Kim Jinuk Kim Su-Hyun Lee Jihye Kim Jungsoo Lee Se Young Shin Won Hyuk Chang Jin Whan Cho Yun-Hee Kim Yun-Hee Kim Yun-Hee Kim |
| author_sort | Yoonju Na |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundGait problems are critical impairments in Parkinson's disease (PD) and are related to increased risk of fall and negatively impact activities of daily life. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that can modify the cortical excitability of gait-related brain regions. In this study, we investigated whether multichannel tDCS with simultaneous treadmill gait training could improve gait in PD.MethodsTwenty-four patients with PD were assigned randomly to a real or sham tDCS group. Before intervention, one patient of the real tDCS group was dropped out, leaving 23 patients to be analyzed in this study. Each patient underwent 30 min of treadmill gait training for 10 sessions over four consecutive weeks. Multichannel 4x1 tDCS was applied using five 6-cm-diameter round electrodes. One anode was placed on the CZ, and four cathodes were positioned symmetrically over the FZ, C5, C6, and PZ. Anodal tDCS (2mA) and sham tDCS were delivered for 20 min. The secondary outcomes were gait performance, as measured by the timed up and go test (TUG) and freezing of gait questionnaire (FOG-Q), and balance was assessed using the dynamic gait index (DGI), Berg balance scale (BBS), and functional reach test (FRT). Motor and non-motor performance of patients with PD were assessed using the Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). Participants were assessed before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and 4 weeks after completion of the intervention.ResultsThe real tDCS group showed a significant improvement in the 10-m walk test, but the sham group did not. Among the secondary outcome measures, MDS-UPDRS part II, TUG, and BBS were improved only in the real tDCS group. Particularly, MDS-UPDRS part II showed a significant group*time interaction effect, indicating that real tDCS demonstrated a better effect on the activities of daily living patients with PD.ConclusionsThe results of this pilot study suggest that multichannel tDCS applied on the leg motor cortex during treadmill gait training is a safe and effective means to improve gait velocity in patients with PD. Additional rigorous, large-sample, multicenter, randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the effect of tDCS as a therapeutic adjunct for gait rehabilitation of patients with PD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T01:22:17Z |
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| issn | 1664-2295 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T01:22:17Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-543acec169a3439b86667e4e70efe5522022-12-22T00:04:13ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952022-03-011310.3389/fneur.2022.804206804206Multichannel Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined With Treadmill Gait Training in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot StudyYoonju Na0Jinuk Kim1Jinuk Kim2Su-Hyun Lee3Jihye Kim4Jungsoo Lee5Se Young Shin6Won Hyuk Chang7Jin Whan Cho8Yun-Hee Kim9Yun-Hee Kim10Yun-Hee Kim11Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, South KoreaDepartment of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Medical Device Management & Research, Department of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South KoreaBackgroundGait problems are critical impairments in Parkinson's disease (PD) and are related to increased risk of fall and negatively impact activities of daily life. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that can modify the cortical excitability of gait-related brain regions. In this study, we investigated whether multichannel tDCS with simultaneous treadmill gait training could improve gait in PD.MethodsTwenty-four patients with PD were assigned randomly to a real or sham tDCS group. Before intervention, one patient of the real tDCS group was dropped out, leaving 23 patients to be analyzed in this study. Each patient underwent 30 min of treadmill gait training for 10 sessions over four consecutive weeks. Multichannel 4x1 tDCS was applied using five 6-cm-diameter round electrodes. One anode was placed on the CZ, and four cathodes were positioned symmetrically over the FZ, C5, C6, and PZ. Anodal tDCS (2mA) and sham tDCS were delivered for 20 min. The secondary outcomes were gait performance, as measured by the timed up and go test (TUG) and freezing of gait questionnaire (FOG-Q), and balance was assessed using the dynamic gait index (DGI), Berg balance scale (BBS), and functional reach test (FRT). Motor and non-motor performance of patients with PD were assessed using the Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). Participants were assessed before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and 4 weeks after completion of the intervention.ResultsThe real tDCS group showed a significant improvement in the 10-m walk test, but the sham group did not. Among the secondary outcome measures, MDS-UPDRS part II, TUG, and BBS were improved only in the real tDCS group. Particularly, MDS-UPDRS part II showed a significant group*time interaction effect, indicating that real tDCS demonstrated a better effect on the activities of daily living patients with PD.ConclusionsThe results of this pilot study suggest that multichannel tDCS applied on the leg motor cortex during treadmill gait training is a safe and effective means to improve gait velocity in patients with PD. Additional rigorous, large-sample, multicenter, randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the effect of tDCS as a therapeutic adjunct for gait rehabilitation of patients with PD.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.804206/fullParkinson's diseasegait trainingmultichannel transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS)neurorehabilitation |
| spellingShingle | Yoonju Na Jinuk Kim Jinuk Kim Su-Hyun Lee Jihye Kim Jungsoo Lee Se Young Shin Won Hyuk Chang Jin Whan Cho Yun-Hee Kim Yun-Hee Kim Yun-Hee Kim Multichannel Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined With Treadmill Gait Training in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study Frontiers in Neurology Parkinson's disease gait training multichannel transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) neurorehabilitation |
| title | Multichannel Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined With Treadmill Gait Training in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study |
| title_full | Multichannel Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined With Treadmill Gait Training in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study |
| title_fullStr | Multichannel Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined With Treadmill Gait Training in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multichannel Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined With Treadmill Gait Training in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study |
| title_short | Multichannel Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined With Treadmill Gait Training in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study |
| title_sort | multichannel transcranial direct current stimulation combined with treadmill gait training in patients with parkinson s disease a pilot study |
| topic | Parkinson's disease gait training multichannel transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) neurorehabilitation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.804206/full |
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