Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Putative Induction of Floral Initiation by Old Leaves in Tea-Oil Tree (<i>Camellia oleifera</i> ‘<i>changlin53</i>’)
Floral initiation is a major phase change in the spermatophyte, where developmental programs switch from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. It is a key phase of flowering in tea-oil trees that can affect flowering time and yield, but very little is known about the molecular mechanism of flora...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/13021 |
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| author | Hongyan Guo Qiuping Zhong Feng Tian Xingjian Zhou Xinjian Tan Zhibin Luo |
| author_facet | Hongyan Guo Qiuping Zhong Feng Tian Xingjian Zhou Xinjian Tan Zhibin Luo |
| author_sort | Hongyan Guo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Floral initiation is a major phase change in the spermatophyte, where developmental programs switch from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. It is a key phase of flowering in tea-oil trees that can affect flowering time and yield, but very little is known about the molecular mechanism of floral initiation in tea-oil trees. A 12-year-old <i>Camellia oleifera</i> (cultivar ‘changlin53’) was the source of experimental materials in the current study. Scanning electron microscopy was used to identify the key stage of floral initiation, and transcriptome analysis was used to reveal the transcriptional regulatory network in old leaves involved in floral initiation. We mined 5 DEGs related to energy and 55 DEGs related to plant hormone signal transduction, and we found floral initiation induction required a high level of energy metabolism, and the phytohormones signals in the old leaves regulate floral initiation, which occurred at stage I and II. Twenty-seven rhythm-related DEGs and 107 genes associated with flowering were also identified, and the circadian rhythm interacted with photoperiod pathways to induce floral initiation. Unigene0017292 (<i>PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR</i>), Unigene0046809 (<i>LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL</i>), Unigene0009932 (<i>GIGANTEA</i>), Unigene0001842 (<i>CONSTANS</i>), and Unigene0084708 (<i>FLOWER LOCUS T</i>) were the key genes in the circadian rhythm-photoperiod regulatory network. In conjunction with morphological observations and transcriptomic analysis, we concluded that the induction of floral initiation by old leaves in <i>C. oleifera</i> ‘changlin53’ mainly occurred during stages I and II, floral initiation was completed during stage III, and rhythm–photoperiod interactions may be the source of the main signals in floral initiation induced by old leaves. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:01:32Z |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-543cfb3d94cd4f17ba339d28d98277212023-11-24T05:01:14ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-10-0123211302110.3390/ijms232113021Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Putative Induction of Floral Initiation by Old Leaves in Tea-Oil Tree (<i>Camellia oleifera</i> ‘<i>changlin53</i>’)Hongyan Guo0Qiuping Zhong1Feng Tian2Xingjian Zhou3Xinjian Tan4Zhibin Luo5State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaExperimental Center for Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xinyu 336600, ChinaCollege of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaFloral initiation is a major phase change in the spermatophyte, where developmental programs switch from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. It is a key phase of flowering in tea-oil trees that can affect flowering time and yield, but very little is known about the molecular mechanism of floral initiation in tea-oil trees. A 12-year-old <i>Camellia oleifera</i> (cultivar ‘changlin53’) was the source of experimental materials in the current study. Scanning electron microscopy was used to identify the key stage of floral initiation, and transcriptome analysis was used to reveal the transcriptional regulatory network in old leaves involved in floral initiation. We mined 5 DEGs related to energy and 55 DEGs related to plant hormone signal transduction, and we found floral initiation induction required a high level of energy metabolism, and the phytohormones signals in the old leaves regulate floral initiation, which occurred at stage I and II. Twenty-seven rhythm-related DEGs and 107 genes associated with flowering were also identified, and the circadian rhythm interacted with photoperiod pathways to induce floral initiation. Unigene0017292 (<i>PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR</i>), Unigene0046809 (<i>LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL</i>), Unigene0009932 (<i>GIGANTEA</i>), Unigene0001842 (<i>CONSTANS</i>), and Unigene0084708 (<i>FLOWER LOCUS T</i>) were the key genes in the circadian rhythm-photoperiod regulatory network. In conjunction with morphological observations and transcriptomic analysis, we concluded that the induction of floral initiation by old leaves in <i>C. oleifera</i> ‘changlin53’ mainly occurred during stages I and II, floral initiation was completed during stage III, and rhythm–photoperiod interactions may be the source of the main signals in floral initiation induced by old leaves.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/13021<i>Camellia oleifera</i>floral initiationold leavestranscriptome analysis |
| spellingShingle | Hongyan Guo Qiuping Zhong Feng Tian Xingjian Zhou Xinjian Tan Zhibin Luo Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Putative Induction of Floral Initiation by Old Leaves in Tea-Oil Tree (<i>Camellia oleifera</i> ‘<i>changlin53</i>’) International Journal of Molecular Sciences <i>Camellia oleifera</i> floral initiation old leaves transcriptome analysis |
| title | Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Putative Induction of Floral Initiation by Old Leaves in Tea-Oil Tree (<i>Camellia oleifera</i> ‘<i>changlin53</i>’) |
| title_full | Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Putative Induction of Floral Initiation by Old Leaves in Tea-Oil Tree (<i>Camellia oleifera</i> ‘<i>changlin53</i>’) |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Putative Induction of Floral Initiation by Old Leaves in Tea-Oil Tree (<i>Camellia oleifera</i> ‘<i>changlin53</i>’) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Putative Induction of Floral Initiation by Old Leaves in Tea-Oil Tree (<i>Camellia oleifera</i> ‘<i>changlin53</i>’) |
| title_short | Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Putative Induction of Floral Initiation by Old Leaves in Tea-Oil Tree (<i>Camellia oleifera</i> ‘<i>changlin53</i>’) |
| title_sort | transcriptome analysis reveals putative induction of floral initiation by old leaves in tea oil tree i camellia oleifera i i changlin53 i |
| topic | <i>Camellia oleifera</i> floral initiation old leaves transcriptome analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/21/13021 |
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