Evaluation of HIV Transmission Clusters among Natives and Foreigners Living in Italy
We aimed at evaluating the characteristics of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters (MTCs) among natives and migrants living in Italy, diagnosed between 1998 and 2018. Phylogenetic analyses were performed on HIV-1 polymerase (<i>pol</i>) sequences to characterise subtypes and identify MT...
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/8/791 |
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| author | Lavinia Fabeni Maria Mercedes Santoro Patrizia Lorenzini Stefano Rusconi Nicola Gianotti Andrea Costantini Loredana Sarmati Andrea Antinori Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein Antonella d’Arminio Monforte Annalisa Saracino Enrico Girardi on behalf of the Icona Foundation Study Cohort |
| author_facet | Lavinia Fabeni Maria Mercedes Santoro Patrizia Lorenzini Stefano Rusconi Nicola Gianotti Andrea Costantini Loredana Sarmati Andrea Antinori Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein Antonella d’Arminio Monforte Annalisa Saracino Enrico Girardi on behalf of the Icona Foundation Study Cohort |
| author_sort | Lavinia Fabeni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We aimed at evaluating the characteristics of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters (MTCs) among natives and migrants living in Italy, diagnosed between 1998 and 2018. Phylogenetic analyses were performed on HIV-1 polymerase (<i>pol</i>) sequences to characterise subtypes and identify MTCs, divided into small (SMTCs, 2–3 sequences), medium (MMTCs, 4–9 sequences) and large (LMTCs, ≥10 sequences). Among 3499 drug-naïve individuals enrolled in the Italian Cohort Naive Antiretroviral (ICONA) cohort (2804 natives; 695 migrants), 726 (20.8%; 644 natives, 82 migrants) were involved in 228 MTCs (6 LMTCs, 36 MMTCs, 186 SMTCs). Migrants contributed 14.4% to SMTCs, 7.6% to MMTCs and 7.1% to LMTCs, respectively. HIV-1 non-B subtypes were found in 51 MTCs; noteworthy was that non-B infections involved in MTCs were more commonly found in natives (<i>n</i> = 47) than in migrants (<i>n</i> = 4). Factors such as Italian origin, being men who have sex with men (MSM), younger age, more recent diagnosis and a higher CD4 count were significantly associated with MTCs. Our findings show that HIV-1 clustering transmission among newly diagnosed individuals living in Italy is prevalently driven by natives, mainly MSM, with a more recent diagnosis and frequently infected with HIV-1 non-B subtypes. These results can contribute to monitoring of the HIV epidemic and guiding the public health response to prevent new HIV infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:15:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-544a9eacd28e4883a690c5bf9cc2b230 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:15:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-544a9eacd28e4883a690c5bf9cc2b2302023-11-20T07:44:22ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152020-07-0112879110.3390/v12080791Evaluation of HIV Transmission Clusters among Natives and Foreigners Living in ItalyLavinia Fabeni0Maria Mercedes Santoro1Patrizia Lorenzini2Stefano Rusconi3Nicola Gianotti4Andrea Costantini5Loredana Sarmati6Andrea Antinori7Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein8Antonella d’Arminio Monforte9Annalisa Saracino10Enrico Girardi11on behalf of the Icona Foundation Study CohortLaboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani” IRCCS, 00149 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, ItalyClinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani” IRCCS, 00149 Rome, ItalyIII Division of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, 20157 Milan, ItalyInfectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20127 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Molecular Science, Marche Polytechnic University, 60121 Ancona, ItalyClinical Infectious Diseases, Policlinic Foundation Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyClinical Department, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani” IRCCS, 00149 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 00161 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Biochemical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, ItalyClinical Epidemiology Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases “Lazzaro Spallanzani” IRCCS, 00149 Rome, ItalyWe aimed at evaluating the characteristics of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters (MTCs) among natives and migrants living in Italy, diagnosed between 1998 and 2018. Phylogenetic analyses were performed on HIV-1 polymerase (<i>pol</i>) sequences to characterise subtypes and identify MTCs, divided into small (SMTCs, 2–3 sequences), medium (MMTCs, 4–9 sequences) and large (LMTCs, ≥10 sequences). Among 3499 drug-naïve individuals enrolled in the Italian Cohort Naive Antiretroviral (ICONA) cohort (2804 natives; 695 migrants), 726 (20.8%; 644 natives, 82 migrants) were involved in 228 MTCs (6 LMTCs, 36 MMTCs, 186 SMTCs). Migrants contributed 14.4% to SMTCs, 7.6% to MMTCs and 7.1% to LMTCs, respectively. HIV-1 non-B subtypes were found in 51 MTCs; noteworthy was that non-B infections involved in MTCs were more commonly found in natives (<i>n</i> = 47) than in migrants (<i>n</i> = 4). Factors such as Italian origin, being men who have sex with men (MSM), younger age, more recent diagnosis and a higher CD4 count were significantly associated with MTCs. Our findings show that HIV-1 clustering transmission among newly diagnosed individuals living in Italy is prevalently driven by natives, mainly MSM, with a more recent diagnosis and frequently infected with HIV-1 non-B subtypes. These results can contribute to monitoring of the HIV epidemic and guiding the public health response to prevent new HIV infections.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/8/791human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)molecular epidemiologyphylogenetic analysismigrantscluster detectiontransmission networks and clusters |
| spellingShingle | Lavinia Fabeni Maria Mercedes Santoro Patrizia Lorenzini Stefano Rusconi Nicola Gianotti Andrea Costantini Loredana Sarmati Andrea Antinori Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein Antonella d’Arminio Monforte Annalisa Saracino Enrico Girardi on behalf of the Icona Foundation Study Cohort Evaluation of HIV Transmission Clusters among Natives and Foreigners Living in Italy Viruses human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) molecular epidemiology phylogenetic analysis migrants cluster detection transmission networks and clusters |
| title | Evaluation of HIV Transmission Clusters among Natives and Foreigners Living in Italy |
| title_full | Evaluation of HIV Transmission Clusters among Natives and Foreigners Living in Italy |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of HIV Transmission Clusters among Natives and Foreigners Living in Italy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of HIV Transmission Clusters among Natives and Foreigners Living in Italy |
| title_short | Evaluation of HIV Transmission Clusters among Natives and Foreigners Living in Italy |
| title_sort | evaluation of hiv transmission clusters among natives and foreigners living in italy |
| topic | human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) molecular epidemiology phylogenetic analysis migrants cluster detection transmission networks and clusters |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/8/791 |
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