The Cultivation of <i>Chelidonium majus</i> L. Increased the Total Alkaloid Content and Cytotoxic Activity Compared with Those of Wild-Grown Plants
The effect of cultivation practises on both the phytochemical profile and biological activity of aqueous ethanol extracts of <i>Chelidonium majus</i> L. was studied. Extracts were prepared from aerial parts of the same plant population collected in the wild and grown under organic farmin...
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/9/1971 |
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| author | Valerija Krizhanovska Inga Sile Arta Kronberga Ilva Nakurte Ieva Mezaka Maija Dambrova Osvalds Pugovics Solveiga Grinberga |
| author_facet | Valerija Krizhanovska Inga Sile Arta Kronberga Ilva Nakurte Ieva Mezaka Maija Dambrova Osvalds Pugovics Solveiga Grinberga |
| author_sort | Valerija Krizhanovska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The effect of cultivation practises on both the phytochemical profile and biological activity of aqueous ethanol extracts of <i>Chelidonium majus</i> L. was studied. Extracts were prepared from aerial parts of the same plant population collected in the wild and grown under organic farming conditions. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses of alkaloids and flavonoid derivatives were performed by LC/MS methods, and the cytotoxicity of lyophilised extracts was studied in B16-F10, HepG2, and CaCo-2 cells. Coptisine was the dominant alkaloid of extracts prepared from wild-grown plants, whereas after cultivation, chelidonine was the most abundant alkaloid. The total alkaloid content was significantly increased by cultivation. Ten flavonol glycoconjugates were identified in <i>C. majus</i> extracts, and quantitative analysis did not reveal significant differences between extracts prepared from wild-grown and cultivated specimens. Treatment with <i>C. majus</i> extracts resulted in a dose-dependent increase in cytotoxicity in all three cell lines. The extracts prepared from cultivated specimens showed higher cytotoxicity than the extracts prepared from wild-grown plants. The strongest cytotoxic effect of cultivated <i>C. majus</i> was observed in B16-F10 cells (IC<sub>50</sub> = 174.98 ± 1.12 µg/mL). Cultivation-induced differences in the phytochemical composition of <i>C. majus</i> extracts resulted in significant increases in the cytotoxic activities of the preparations. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:17:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-545102f2fe66478cad6bb1168d39cb1e2023-11-22T14:54:32ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-09-01109197110.3390/plants10091971The Cultivation of <i>Chelidonium majus</i> L. Increased the Total Alkaloid Content and Cytotoxic Activity Compared with Those of Wild-Grown PlantsValerija Krizhanovska0Inga Sile1Arta Kronberga2Ilva Nakurte3Ieva Mezaka4Maija Dambrova5Osvalds Pugovics6Solveiga Grinberga7Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, 21 Aizkraukles Str., LV-1006 Riga, LatviaLatvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, 21 Aizkraukles Str., LV-1006 Riga, LatviaField and Forest, SIA, 2 Izstades Str., LV-4126 Priekuli Parish, Cēsis County, LatviaInstitute for Environmental Solutions, “Lidlauks”, LV-4126 Priekuļi Parish, Cēsis County, LatviaInstitute for Environmental Solutions, “Lidlauks”, LV-4126 Priekuļi Parish, Cēsis County, LatviaLatvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, 21 Aizkraukles Str., LV-1006 Riga, LatviaLatvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, 21 Aizkraukles Str., LV-1006 Riga, LatviaLatvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, 21 Aizkraukles Str., LV-1006 Riga, LatviaThe effect of cultivation practises on both the phytochemical profile and biological activity of aqueous ethanol extracts of <i>Chelidonium majus</i> L. was studied. Extracts were prepared from aerial parts of the same plant population collected in the wild and grown under organic farming conditions. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses of alkaloids and flavonoid derivatives were performed by LC/MS methods, and the cytotoxicity of lyophilised extracts was studied in B16-F10, HepG2, and CaCo-2 cells. Coptisine was the dominant alkaloid of extracts prepared from wild-grown plants, whereas after cultivation, chelidonine was the most abundant alkaloid. The total alkaloid content was significantly increased by cultivation. Ten flavonol glycoconjugates were identified in <i>C. majus</i> extracts, and quantitative analysis did not reveal significant differences between extracts prepared from wild-grown and cultivated specimens. Treatment with <i>C. majus</i> extracts resulted in a dose-dependent increase in cytotoxicity in all three cell lines. The extracts prepared from cultivated specimens showed higher cytotoxicity than the extracts prepared from wild-grown plants. The strongest cytotoxic effect of cultivated <i>C. majus</i> was observed in B16-F10 cells (IC<sub>50</sub> = 174.98 ± 1.12 µg/mL). Cultivation-induced differences in the phytochemical composition of <i>C. majus</i> extracts resulted in significant increases in the cytotoxic activities of the preparations.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/9/1971<i>Chelidonium majus</i>alkaloidsflavonoidsLC/MS analysiscytotoxic activity |
| spellingShingle | Valerija Krizhanovska Inga Sile Arta Kronberga Ilva Nakurte Ieva Mezaka Maija Dambrova Osvalds Pugovics Solveiga Grinberga The Cultivation of <i>Chelidonium majus</i> L. Increased the Total Alkaloid Content and Cytotoxic Activity Compared with Those of Wild-Grown Plants Plants <i>Chelidonium majus</i> alkaloids flavonoids LC/MS analysis cytotoxic activity |
| title | The Cultivation of <i>Chelidonium majus</i> L. Increased the Total Alkaloid Content and Cytotoxic Activity Compared with Those of Wild-Grown Plants |
| title_full | The Cultivation of <i>Chelidonium majus</i> L. Increased the Total Alkaloid Content and Cytotoxic Activity Compared with Those of Wild-Grown Plants |
| title_fullStr | The Cultivation of <i>Chelidonium majus</i> L. Increased the Total Alkaloid Content and Cytotoxic Activity Compared with Those of Wild-Grown Plants |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Cultivation of <i>Chelidonium majus</i> L. Increased the Total Alkaloid Content and Cytotoxic Activity Compared with Those of Wild-Grown Plants |
| title_short | The Cultivation of <i>Chelidonium majus</i> L. Increased the Total Alkaloid Content and Cytotoxic Activity Compared with Those of Wild-Grown Plants |
| title_sort | cultivation of i chelidonium majus i l increased the total alkaloid content and cytotoxic activity compared with those of wild grown plants |
| topic | <i>Chelidonium majus</i> alkaloids flavonoids LC/MS analysis cytotoxic activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/9/1971 |
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