Hypochlorous Acid-Generating Electrochemical Catheter Prototype for Prevention of Intraluminal Infection
ABSTRACT Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) contributes to mortality and cost. While aseptic dressings and antibiotic-impregnated catheters prevent some extraluminal infections, intraluminal infections remain a source of CLABSIs. In this proof-of-concept study, an electrochemical...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society for Microbiology
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Microbiology Spectrum |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/Spectrum.00557-21 |
| _version_ | 1818755069875585024 |
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| author | Edison J. Cano Laure Flurin Abdelrhman Mohamed Kerryl E. Greenwood-Quaintance Yash S. Raval Haluk Beyenal Robin Patel |
| author_facet | Edison J. Cano Laure Flurin Abdelrhman Mohamed Kerryl E. Greenwood-Quaintance Yash S. Raval Haluk Beyenal Robin Patel |
| author_sort | Edison J. Cano |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) contributes to mortality and cost. While aseptic dressings and antibiotic-impregnated catheters prevent some extraluminal infections, intraluminal infections remain a source of CLABSIs. In this proof-of-concept study, an electrochemical intravascular catheter (e-catheter) prototype capable of electrochemically generating hypochlorous acid intraluminally using platinum electrodes polarized at a constant potential of 1.5 electrode potential relative to saturated silver/silver chloride reference electrode measured in volts (VAg/AgCl) was developed. After 24 h of prepolarization at 1.5 VAg/AgCl, their activity was tested against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecium, and Escherichia coli derived from catheter-related infections. e-catheters generated a mean HOCl concentration of 15.86 ± 4.03 μM and had a mean pH of 6.14 ± 0.79. E-catheters prevented infections of all four species, with an average reduction of 8.41 ± 0.61 log10 CFU/ml at 48 h compared to controls. Polarized e-catheters which generate low amounts of HOCl continuously should be further developed to prevent intraluminal infection. IMPORTANCE Catheter-related infections constitute an economic and mortality burden in health care. Several options are available to reduce the risk of infection, but only a few focus on preventing intraluminal infection, which occurs in long-term catheters, most often used for dialysis, prolonged treatment, or chemotherapy. A prototype of a catheter called an “e-catheter” composed of three electrodes, capable of producing hypochlorous acid (HOCl) electrochemically in its lumen, was developed. When polarized at 1.5 V, chloride ions in the solution are oxidized to continuously produce low amounts of HOCl, which exhibits antibacterial activity in the lumen of the catheter. Here, this prototype was shown to be able to generate HOCl as well as prevent infection in a preliminary in vitro catheter model. This approach is a potential strategy for catheter infection prevention. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T05:33:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5457964dbb234b9c9e3d46c58efaec50 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2165-0497 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T05:33:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbiology Spectrum |
| spelling | doaj.art-5457964dbb234b9c9e3d46c58efaec502022-12-21T21:19:22ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologyMicrobiology Spectrum2165-04972021-10-019210.1128/Spectrum.00557-21Hypochlorous Acid-Generating Electrochemical Catheter Prototype for Prevention of Intraluminal InfectionEdison J. Cano0Laure Flurin1Abdelrhman Mohamed2Kerryl E. Greenwood-Quaintance3Yash S. Raval4Haluk Beyenal5Robin Patel6Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USADivision of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USAThe Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USADivision of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USADivision of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USAThe Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USADivision of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USAABSTRACT Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) contributes to mortality and cost. While aseptic dressings and antibiotic-impregnated catheters prevent some extraluminal infections, intraluminal infections remain a source of CLABSIs. In this proof-of-concept study, an electrochemical intravascular catheter (e-catheter) prototype capable of electrochemically generating hypochlorous acid intraluminally using platinum electrodes polarized at a constant potential of 1.5 electrode potential relative to saturated silver/silver chloride reference electrode measured in volts (VAg/AgCl) was developed. After 24 h of prepolarization at 1.5 VAg/AgCl, their activity was tested against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecium, and Escherichia coli derived from catheter-related infections. e-catheters generated a mean HOCl concentration of 15.86 ± 4.03 μM and had a mean pH of 6.14 ± 0.79. E-catheters prevented infections of all four species, with an average reduction of 8.41 ± 0.61 log10 CFU/ml at 48 h compared to controls. Polarized e-catheters which generate low amounts of HOCl continuously should be further developed to prevent intraluminal infection. IMPORTANCE Catheter-related infections constitute an economic and mortality burden in health care. Several options are available to reduce the risk of infection, but only a few focus on preventing intraluminal infection, which occurs in long-term catheters, most often used for dialysis, prolonged treatment, or chemotherapy. A prototype of a catheter called an “e-catheter” composed of three electrodes, capable of producing hypochlorous acid (HOCl) electrochemically in its lumen, was developed. When polarized at 1.5 V, chloride ions in the solution are oxidized to continuously produce low amounts of HOCl, which exhibits antibacterial activity in the lumen of the catheter. Here, this prototype was shown to be able to generate HOCl as well as prevent infection in a preliminary in vitro catheter model. This approach is a potential strategy for catheter infection prevention.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/Spectrum.00557-21catheter-related bloodstream infectionhypochlorous acidelectrochemistryinfection prevention |
| spellingShingle | Edison J. Cano Laure Flurin Abdelrhman Mohamed Kerryl E. Greenwood-Quaintance Yash S. Raval Haluk Beyenal Robin Patel Hypochlorous Acid-Generating Electrochemical Catheter Prototype for Prevention of Intraluminal Infection Microbiology Spectrum catheter-related bloodstream infection hypochlorous acid electrochemistry infection prevention |
| title | Hypochlorous Acid-Generating Electrochemical Catheter Prototype for Prevention of Intraluminal Infection |
| title_full | Hypochlorous Acid-Generating Electrochemical Catheter Prototype for Prevention of Intraluminal Infection |
| title_fullStr | Hypochlorous Acid-Generating Electrochemical Catheter Prototype for Prevention of Intraluminal Infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hypochlorous Acid-Generating Electrochemical Catheter Prototype for Prevention of Intraluminal Infection |
| title_short | Hypochlorous Acid-Generating Electrochemical Catheter Prototype for Prevention of Intraluminal Infection |
| title_sort | hypochlorous acid generating electrochemical catheter prototype for prevention of intraluminal infection |
| topic | catheter-related bloodstream infection hypochlorous acid electrochemistry infection prevention |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/Spectrum.00557-21 |
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