| Summary: | Algae biorefinery is gaining much attention for the sustainable production of value-added products (e.g., biofuels, protein supplements etc.) globally. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between lipid production and bacteria growth by an initial microalgae <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> density culture in seafood wastewater effluent (SWE). According to our results, the initial <i>C. vulgaris</i> concentration in SWE influenced lipid accumulation. The concentration ranged from 25−35 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> which corresponds to SWE’s chemical oxygen demand concentration of 365.67 ± 3.45 mg·L<sup>−1</sup>. A higher microalgae growth rate and lipid content of 32.15 ± 1.45% was successfully attained. A higher lipid content, approximately double, was observed when compared to the control (16.8 ± 0.5%). Moreover, this study demonstrates that bacteria inhibited microalgae growth as the initial cell density stepped over 35 mg·L<sup>−1</sup>, which also affected lipid accumulation. This study shows an optimal lipid accumulation attained at moderate <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> density culture in SWE. Hence, wastewater treatment incorporating microalgae culture could be greatly developed in the future to achieve a greener environment.
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