An 11-year prospective study of personality X parenting interactions as predictors of self-efficacy in young adults: diathesis-stress or differential susceptibility?
Abstract Background Self-efficacy, individuals’ beliefs regarding their capacities to perform actions or control (potentially stressful or novel) events, is thought to be important for various life domains. Little however is known about its early precursors. This study examined the predictive effect...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-11-01
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| Series: | BMC Psychology |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-021-00676-6 |
| _version_ | 1818407624918433792 |
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| author | Marike H. F. Deutz Willemijn M. van Eldik Vera T. Over de Vest Ank Ringoot Amaranta D. de Haan Peter Prinzie |
| author_facet | Marike H. F. Deutz Willemijn M. van Eldik Vera T. Over de Vest Ank Ringoot Amaranta D. de Haan Peter Prinzie |
| author_sort | Marike H. F. Deutz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Self-efficacy, individuals’ beliefs regarding their capacities to perform actions or control (potentially stressful or novel) events, is thought to be important for various life domains. Little however is known about its early precursors. This study examined the predictive effects of childhood personality and parental behaviors (i.e., overreactive discipline and warmth) for general self-efficacy in young adulthood. Furthermore, it was examined whether personality and parenting behaviors interacted and whether these interactions supported the diathesis-stress or differential susceptibility model. These aims were examined in an 11-year prospective study of 336 participants (M age at T1 = 10.83 years, range = 9–12 years, 53.9% girls). Personality and parental behaviors were reported at T1 by both mothers and fathers, whereas self-efficacy was self-reported at T2 11 years later. Hypotheses were tested in Mplus using multilevel structural equation modeling. Results Results revealed that (only) emotional stability, and not parenting, predicted higher self-efficacy 11 years later. Benevolence functioned as a susceptibility marker in the association between overreactivity and self-efficacy. Conclusions The results show that childhood emotional stability is an important long-term predictor of self-efficacy, even into emerging adulthood. Moreover, the integration of individual differences in models of parenting effects may further improve our understanding of early adults’ adjustment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T09:30:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5466d59766044c7499a84dcd49d34fe8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-7283 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T09:30:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5466d59766044c7499a84dcd49d34fe82022-12-21T23:08:05ZengBMCBMC Psychology2050-72832021-11-019111310.1186/s40359-021-00676-6An 11-year prospective study of personality X parenting interactions as predictors of self-efficacy in young adults: diathesis-stress or differential susceptibility?Marike H. F. Deutz0Willemijn M. van Eldik1Vera T. Over de Vest2Ank Ringoot3Amaranta D. de Haan4Peter Prinzie5Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University RotterdamDepartment of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University RotterdamDepartment of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University RotterdamDepartment of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University RotterdamDepartment of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University RotterdamDepartment of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University RotterdamAbstract Background Self-efficacy, individuals’ beliefs regarding their capacities to perform actions or control (potentially stressful or novel) events, is thought to be important for various life domains. Little however is known about its early precursors. This study examined the predictive effects of childhood personality and parental behaviors (i.e., overreactive discipline and warmth) for general self-efficacy in young adulthood. Furthermore, it was examined whether personality and parenting behaviors interacted and whether these interactions supported the diathesis-stress or differential susceptibility model. These aims were examined in an 11-year prospective study of 336 participants (M age at T1 = 10.83 years, range = 9–12 years, 53.9% girls). Personality and parental behaviors were reported at T1 by both mothers and fathers, whereas self-efficacy was self-reported at T2 11 years later. Hypotheses were tested in Mplus using multilevel structural equation modeling. Results Results revealed that (only) emotional stability, and not parenting, predicted higher self-efficacy 11 years later. Benevolence functioned as a susceptibility marker in the association between overreactivity and self-efficacy. Conclusions The results show that childhood emotional stability is an important long-term predictor of self-efficacy, even into emerging adulthood. Moreover, the integration of individual differences in models of parenting effects may further improve our understanding of early adults’ adjustment.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-021-00676-6 |
| spellingShingle | Marike H. F. Deutz Willemijn M. van Eldik Vera T. Over de Vest Ank Ringoot Amaranta D. de Haan Peter Prinzie An 11-year prospective study of personality X parenting interactions as predictors of self-efficacy in young adults: diathesis-stress or differential susceptibility? BMC Psychology |
| title | An 11-year prospective study of personality X parenting interactions as predictors of self-efficacy in young adults: diathesis-stress or differential susceptibility? |
| title_full | An 11-year prospective study of personality X parenting interactions as predictors of self-efficacy in young adults: diathesis-stress or differential susceptibility? |
| title_fullStr | An 11-year prospective study of personality X parenting interactions as predictors of self-efficacy in young adults: diathesis-stress or differential susceptibility? |
| title_full_unstemmed | An 11-year prospective study of personality X parenting interactions as predictors of self-efficacy in young adults: diathesis-stress or differential susceptibility? |
| title_short | An 11-year prospective study of personality X parenting interactions as predictors of self-efficacy in young adults: diathesis-stress or differential susceptibility? |
| title_sort | 11 year prospective study of personality x parenting interactions as predictors of self efficacy in young adults diathesis stress or differential susceptibility |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-021-00676-6 |
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