The cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Spanish version of the Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire
IntroductionIn chronic low back pain (CLBP), disturbed body image has been highlighted as a contributor to the condition and a potential target for treatment. The Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire (FreBAQ) allows its assessment. Following international guidelines for the cross-cultural translat...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1070411/full |
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| author | Nuria García-Dopico Nuria García-Dopico Alejandro De La Torre-Luque Benedict Martin Wand Olga Velasco-Roldán Olga Velasco-Roldán Carolina Sitges Carolina Sitges |
| author_facet | Nuria García-Dopico Nuria García-Dopico Alejandro De La Torre-Luque Benedict Martin Wand Olga Velasco-Roldán Olga Velasco-Roldán Carolina Sitges Carolina Sitges |
| author_sort | Nuria García-Dopico |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionIn chronic low back pain (CLBP), disturbed body image has been highlighted as a contributor to the condition and a potential target for treatment. The Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire (FreBAQ) allows its assessment. Following international guidelines for the cross-cultural translation of questionnaires, we aimed to translate the FreBAQ into Spanish (FreBAQ-S) and validate the new questionnaire in a sample of Spanish-speaking people with CLBP.MethodsTwo hundred and sixty-four adults with CLBP (91 males) and 128 healthy controls (34 males) completed an online form including the FreBAQ-S and questionnaires related to the pain experience. All participants were Spanish and no gender identities differing from biological sex were reported. A week later, 113 CLBP participants and 45 healthy controls (41 and 13 males, respectively), re-answered the FreBAQ-S to evaluate test–retest reliability. Confirmatory factor and multigroup analysis assessed the scale consistency on the patient sample. Discriminant and convergent validity were explored by between-group differences and the relationship with clinical characteristics. Reliability relied on Cronbach’s alpha estimates and test–retest (intraclass correlation coefficient, standard error of measurement, minimal detectable change).Results and discussionConfirmatory factor analysis showed a one-factor structure of the questionnaire, without supporting evidence for item deletion (CFI = 0.97; TLI = 0.96; RMSEA = 0.06; SRMR = 0.07; SRMRu = 0.064). Multigroup analyses do not support mean invariance between groups regarding health condition or sex. The FreBAQ-S demonstrated good discriminant and convergent validity, internal consistency (α = 0.82), and test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.78; SE = 3.41; MDC = 5.12). The FreBAQ-S is a valid and reliable tool to assess back awareness in clinical and non-clinical samples. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T06:21:33Z |
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| id | doaj.art-546aed9a45174b1099ba7c968adb5daa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T06:21:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-546aed9a45174b1099ba7c968adb5daa2023-03-02T04:23:29ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782023-03-011410.3389/fpsyg.2023.10704111070411The cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Spanish version of the Fremantle Back Awareness QuestionnaireNuria García-Dopico0Nuria García-Dopico1Alejandro De La Torre-Luque2Benedict Martin Wand3Olga Velasco-Roldán4Olga Velasco-Roldán5Carolina Sitges6Carolina Sitges7University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS) and Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Palma, SpainDepartment and Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, SpainDepartment of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, SpainFaculty of Medicine, Nursing and Midwifery and Health Sciences, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, AustraliaUniversity of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS) and Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Palma, SpainDepartment and Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, SpainUniversity of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS) and Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Palma, SpainDepartment and Faculty of Psychology, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma, SpainIntroductionIn chronic low back pain (CLBP), disturbed body image has been highlighted as a contributor to the condition and a potential target for treatment. The Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire (FreBAQ) allows its assessment. Following international guidelines for the cross-cultural translation of questionnaires, we aimed to translate the FreBAQ into Spanish (FreBAQ-S) and validate the new questionnaire in a sample of Spanish-speaking people with CLBP.MethodsTwo hundred and sixty-four adults with CLBP (91 males) and 128 healthy controls (34 males) completed an online form including the FreBAQ-S and questionnaires related to the pain experience. All participants were Spanish and no gender identities differing from biological sex were reported. A week later, 113 CLBP participants and 45 healthy controls (41 and 13 males, respectively), re-answered the FreBAQ-S to evaluate test–retest reliability. Confirmatory factor and multigroup analysis assessed the scale consistency on the patient sample. Discriminant and convergent validity were explored by between-group differences and the relationship with clinical characteristics. Reliability relied on Cronbach’s alpha estimates and test–retest (intraclass correlation coefficient, standard error of measurement, minimal detectable change).Results and discussionConfirmatory factor analysis showed a one-factor structure of the questionnaire, without supporting evidence for item deletion (CFI = 0.97; TLI = 0.96; RMSEA = 0.06; SRMR = 0.07; SRMRu = 0.064). Multigroup analyses do not support mean invariance between groups regarding health condition or sex. The FreBAQ-S demonstrated good discriminant and convergent validity, internal consistency (α = 0.82), and test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.78; SE = 3.41; MDC = 5.12). The FreBAQ-S is a valid and reliable tool to assess back awareness in clinical and non-clinical samples.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1070411/fulllow back painbody imageback awarenessproprioceptionself-conceptvalidity |
| spellingShingle | Nuria García-Dopico Nuria García-Dopico Alejandro De La Torre-Luque Benedict Martin Wand Olga Velasco-Roldán Olga Velasco-Roldán Carolina Sitges Carolina Sitges The cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Spanish version of the Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire Frontiers in Psychology low back pain body image back awareness proprioception self-concept validity |
| title | The cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Spanish version of the Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire |
| title_full | The cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Spanish version of the Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire |
| title_fullStr | The cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Spanish version of the Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire |
| title_full_unstemmed | The cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Spanish version of the Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire |
| title_short | The cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Spanish version of the Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire |
| title_sort | cross cultural adaptation validity and reliability of the spanish version of the fremantle back awareness questionnaire |
| topic | low back pain body image back awareness proprioception self-concept validity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1070411/full |
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