High-resolution analysis of long-term serum antibodies in humans following convalescence of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Abstract Long-term antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 have focused on responses to full-length spike protein, specific domains within spike, or nucleoprotein. In this study, we used high-density peptide microarrays representing the complete proteome of SARS-CoV-2 to identify binding sites (epitopes) t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-12032-8 |
| _version_ | 1811257256091582464 |
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| author | Antonio Facciuolo Erin Scruten Sean Lipsit Amanda Lang Zoë Parker Cates Jocelyne M. Lew Darryl Falzarano Volker Gerdts Anthony J. Kusalik Scott Napper |
| author_facet | Antonio Facciuolo Erin Scruten Sean Lipsit Amanda Lang Zoë Parker Cates Jocelyne M. Lew Darryl Falzarano Volker Gerdts Anthony J. Kusalik Scott Napper |
| author_sort | Antonio Facciuolo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Long-term antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 have focused on responses to full-length spike protein, specific domains within spike, or nucleoprotein. In this study, we used high-density peptide microarrays representing the complete proteome of SARS-CoV-2 to identify binding sites (epitopes) targeted by antibodies present in the blood of COVID-19 resolved cases at 5 months post-diagnosis. Compared to previous studies that evaluated epitope-specific responses early post-diagnosis (< 60 days), we found that epitope-specific responses to nucleoprotein and spike protein have contracted, and that responses to membrane protein have expanded. Although antibody titers to full-length spike and nucleoprotein remain steady over months, taken together our data suggest that the population of epitope-specific antibodies that contribute to this reactivity is dynamic and evolves over time. Further, the spike epitopes bound by polyclonal antibodies in COVID-19 convalescent serum samples aligned with known target sites that can neutralize viral activity suggesting that the maintenance of these antibodies might provide rapid serological immunity. Finally, the most dominant epitopes for membrane protein and spike showed high diagnostic accuracy providing novel biomarkers to refine blood-based antibody tests. This study provides new insights into the specific regions of SARS-CoV-2 targeted by serum antibodies long after infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T17:53:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-546c634b415c4ea4946983ed0fffb799 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T17:53:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-546c634b415c4ea4946983ed0fffb7992022-12-22T03:22:25ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-05-0112111510.1038/s41598-022-12032-8High-resolution analysis of long-term serum antibodies in humans following convalescence of SARS-CoV-2 infectionAntonio Facciuolo0Erin Scruten1Sean Lipsit2Amanda Lang3Zoë Parker Cates4Jocelyne M. Lew5Darryl Falzarano6Volker Gerdts7Anthony J. Kusalik8Scott Napper9Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of SaskatchewanVaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of SaskatchewanVaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of SaskatchewanRoy Romanow Provincial Laboratory, Saskatchewan Health AuthorityDepartment of Computer Science, University of SaskatchewanVaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of SaskatchewanVaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of SaskatchewanVaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of SaskatchewanDepartment of Computer Science, University of SaskatchewanVaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of SaskatchewanAbstract Long-term antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 have focused on responses to full-length spike protein, specific domains within spike, or nucleoprotein. In this study, we used high-density peptide microarrays representing the complete proteome of SARS-CoV-2 to identify binding sites (epitopes) targeted by antibodies present in the blood of COVID-19 resolved cases at 5 months post-diagnosis. Compared to previous studies that evaluated epitope-specific responses early post-diagnosis (< 60 days), we found that epitope-specific responses to nucleoprotein and spike protein have contracted, and that responses to membrane protein have expanded. Although antibody titers to full-length spike and nucleoprotein remain steady over months, taken together our data suggest that the population of epitope-specific antibodies that contribute to this reactivity is dynamic and evolves over time. Further, the spike epitopes bound by polyclonal antibodies in COVID-19 convalescent serum samples aligned with known target sites that can neutralize viral activity suggesting that the maintenance of these antibodies might provide rapid serological immunity. Finally, the most dominant epitopes for membrane protein and spike showed high diagnostic accuracy providing novel biomarkers to refine blood-based antibody tests. This study provides new insights into the specific regions of SARS-CoV-2 targeted by serum antibodies long after infection.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-12032-8 |
| spellingShingle | Antonio Facciuolo Erin Scruten Sean Lipsit Amanda Lang Zoë Parker Cates Jocelyne M. Lew Darryl Falzarano Volker Gerdts Anthony J. Kusalik Scott Napper High-resolution analysis of long-term serum antibodies in humans following convalescence of SARS-CoV-2 infection Scientific Reports |
| title | High-resolution analysis of long-term serum antibodies in humans following convalescence of SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| title_full | High-resolution analysis of long-term serum antibodies in humans following convalescence of SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| title_fullStr | High-resolution analysis of long-term serum antibodies in humans following convalescence of SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-resolution analysis of long-term serum antibodies in humans following convalescence of SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| title_short | High-resolution analysis of long-term serum antibodies in humans following convalescence of SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| title_sort | high resolution analysis of long term serum antibodies in humans following convalescence of sars cov 2 infection |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-12032-8 |
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