Field and Laboratory Investigation of USS3 Ultrasonic Sensors Capability for Non-contact Measurement of Pistachio Canopy Structure
Electronic canopy characterization to determine structural properties is an important issue in tree crop management. Ultrasonic and optical sensors are the most used sensors for this purpose. The objective of this work was to assess the performance of an ultrasonic sensor under laboratory and field...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2015-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Agricultural Machinery |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jame.um.ac.ir/index.php/jame/article/view/22773 |
| _version_ | 1819049064285601792 |
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| author | H Maghsoudi S Minaei B Ghobadian H Masoudi |
| author_facet | H Maghsoudi S Minaei B Ghobadian H Masoudi |
| author_sort | H Maghsoudi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electronic canopy characterization to determine structural properties is an important issue in tree crop management. Ultrasonic and optical sensors are the most used sensors for this purpose. The objective of this work was to assess the performance of an ultrasonic sensor under laboratory and field conditions in order to provide reliable estimations of distance measurements to apple tree canopies. To achieve this purpose, a methodology has been designed to analyze sensor performance in relation to foliage distance and to the effects of interference with adjacent sensors when working simultaneously. Results showed that the average error in distance measurement using the ultrasonic sensor in laboratory conditions was 0.64 cm. However, the increase of variability in field conditions reduced the accuracy of this kind of sensors when estimating distances to canopies. The average error in such situations was 3.19 cm. When analyzing interferences of adjacent sensors 30 cm apart, the average error was ±14.65 cm. When adjacent sensors were placed apart by 60 cm, the average error became 6.73 cm. The ultrasonic sensor tested has been proven to be suitable to estimate distances to the canopy in pistachio garden conditions when sensors are 60 cm apart or more and can, therefore, be used in a system to estimate structural canopy parameters in precision horticulture. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T11:26:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-546fea643ff847a3806ced4b0ba7187e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2228-6829 2423-3943 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T11:26:12Z |
| publishDate | 2015-03-01 |
| publisher | Ferdowsi University of Mashhad |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Agricultural Machinery |
| spelling | doaj.art-546fea643ff847a3806ced4b0ba7187e2022-12-21T19:05:39ZengFerdowsi University of MashhadJournal of Agricultural Machinery2228-68292423-39432015-03-0151102410.22067/jam.v5i1.227738611Field and Laboratory Investigation of USS3 Ultrasonic Sensors Capability for Non-contact Measurement of Pistachio Canopy StructureH Maghsoudi0S Minaei1B Ghobadian2H Masoudi3Tarbiat Modares UniversityTarbiat Modares UniversityTarbiat Modares UniversityShahid Chamran UniversityElectronic canopy characterization to determine structural properties is an important issue in tree crop management. Ultrasonic and optical sensors are the most used sensors for this purpose. The objective of this work was to assess the performance of an ultrasonic sensor under laboratory and field conditions in order to provide reliable estimations of distance measurements to apple tree canopies. To achieve this purpose, a methodology has been designed to analyze sensor performance in relation to foliage distance and to the effects of interference with adjacent sensors when working simultaneously. Results showed that the average error in distance measurement using the ultrasonic sensor in laboratory conditions was 0.64 cm. However, the increase of variability in field conditions reduced the accuracy of this kind of sensors when estimating distances to canopies. The average error in such situations was 3.19 cm. When analyzing interferences of adjacent sensors 30 cm apart, the average error was ±14.65 cm. When adjacent sensors were placed apart by 60 cm, the average error became 6.73 cm. The ultrasonic sensor tested has been proven to be suitable to estimate distances to the canopy in pistachio garden conditions when sensors are 60 cm apart or more and can, therefore, be used in a system to estimate structural canopy parameters in precision horticulture.https://jame.um.ac.ir/index.php/jame/article/view/22773Ultrasonic sensorDistance measurementsUltrasonic interferencesTree canopy |
| spellingShingle | H Maghsoudi S Minaei B Ghobadian H Masoudi Field and Laboratory Investigation of USS3 Ultrasonic Sensors Capability for Non-contact Measurement of Pistachio Canopy Structure Journal of Agricultural Machinery Ultrasonic sensor Distance measurements Ultrasonic interferences Tree canopy |
| title | Field and Laboratory Investigation of USS3 Ultrasonic Sensors Capability for Non-contact Measurement of Pistachio Canopy Structure |
| title_full | Field and Laboratory Investigation of USS3 Ultrasonic Sensors Capability for Non-contact Measurement of Pistachio Canopy Structure |
| title_fullStr | Field and Laboratory Investigation of USS3 Ultrasonic Sensors Capability for Non-contact Measurement of Pistachio Canopy Structure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Field and Laboratory Investigation of USS3 Ultrasonic Sensors Capability for Non-contact Measurement of Pistachio Canopy Structure |
| title_short | Field and Laboratory Investigation of USS3 Ultrasonic Sensors Capability for Non-contact Measurement of Pistachio Canopy Structure |
| title_sort | field and laboratory investigation of uss3 ultrasonic sensors capability for non contact measurement of pistachio canopy structure |
| topic | Ultrasonic sensor Distance measurements Ultrasonic interferences Tree canopy |
| url | https://jame.um.ac.ir/index.php/jame/article/view/22773 |
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