<i>Culicoides</i> Species of the Rain Forest Belt of the Littoral Region of Cameroon: Their Incrimination in the Transmission of <i>Mansonella perstans</i>
Biting midges belonging to the genus <i>Culicoides</i> are tiny stout-shaped hematophagous insects and are thought to transmit the filarial nematode <i>Mansonella perstans</i>. Little is known about the <i>Culicoides</i> fauna in the rain forest belt of the Littor...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| author | Rene Ebai Chi Anizette Kien Fanny Fri Fombad Frederick Esofi Emmanuel Ouam Anna Ning Ntuh Glory Ngongeh Amambo Victor Narcisse Tchamatchoua Gandjui Valerine Chawa Chunda Franck Nietcho Lucy Cho Nchang Chefor Magha Jerome Fru Cho Mathias Eyong Esum Peter Ivo Enyong Kenneth Pfarr Achim Hoerauf Manuel Ritter Samuel Wanji |
| author_facet | Rene Ebai Chi Anizette Kien Fanny Fri Fombad Frederick Esofi Emmanuel Ouam Anna Ning Ntuh Glory Ngongeh Amambo Victor Narcisse Tchamatchoua Gandjui Valerine Chawa Chunda Franck Nietcho Lucy Cho Nchang Chefor Magha Jerome Fru Cho Mathias Eyong Esum Peter Ivo Enyong Kenneth Pfarr Achim Hoerauf Manuel Ritter Samuel Wanji |
| author_sort | Rene Ebai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Biting midges belonging to the genus <i>Culicoides</i> are tiny stout-shaped hematophagous insects and are thought to transmit the filarial nematode <i>Mansonella perstans</i>. Little is known about the <i>Culicoides</i> fauna in the rain forest belt of the Littoral Region of Cameroon. This study was designed to investigate the diversity, abundance and distribution of <i>Culicoides</i> spp. and their role as the purported vector(s) of <i>M. perstans</i>. Overnight light trap collections and human landing catches (HLCs) revealed eight species of <i>Culicoides</i> with <i>C. grahamii</i> being the most abundant species followed by <i>C. milnei</i>. Four anthropophilic species (<i>C. inornatipennis</i>, <i>C. grahamii</i>, <i>C. fulvithorax</i> and <i>C. milnei</i>) were determined by the HLCs with a higher abundance in the 4–6 p.m. collections. The drop trap technique and Mp419 LAMP assay confirmed <i>C. milnei</i> to be the most efficient vector in enabling the development of the microfilarial stage to the infective larval form of <i>M. perstans</i>. The LAMP assay also revealed that natural transmission of this nematode is fostered by <i>C. milnei</i> and <i>C. grahamii</i> in the wild. In conclusion, <i>C. milnei</i> was shown to be the main vector of <i>M. perstans</i> in the rain forest belt of the Littoral Region of Cameroon. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:18:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-547e459ca8f845b880def1c4b22995e9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:18:39Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
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| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-547e459ca8f845b880def1c4b22995e92024-02-23T15:30:21ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172024-02-0113214610.3390/pathogens13020146<i>Culicoides</i> Species of the Rain Forest Belt of the Littoral Region of Cameroon: Their Incrimination in the Transmission of <i>Mansonella perstans</i>Rene Ebai0Chi Anizette Kien1Fanny Fri Fombad2Frederick Esofi3Emmanuel Ouam4Anna Ning Ntuh5Glory Ngongeh Amambo6Victor Narcisse Tchamatchoua Gandjui7Valerine Chawa Chunda8Franck Nietcho9Lucy Cho Nchang10Chefor Magha11Jerome Fru Cho12Mathias Eyong Esum13Peter Ivo Enyong14Kenneth Pfarr15Achim Hoerauf16Manuel Ritter17Samuel Wanji18Parasite and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, CameroonParasite and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, CameroonParasite and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, CameroonParasite and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, CameroonParasite and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, CameroonParasite and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, CameroonParasite and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, CameroonParasite and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, CameroonParasite and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, CameroonResearch Foundation for Tropical Diseases and the Environment (REFOTDE), Buea P.O. Box 63, CameroonParasite and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, CameroonParasite and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, CameroonParasite and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, CameroonParasite and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, CameroonParasite and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, CameroonInstitute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn (UKB), 53127 Bonn, GermanyInstitute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn (UKB), 53127 Bonn, GermanyInstitute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn (UKB), 53127 Bonn, GermanyParasite and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, CameroonBiting midges belonging to the genus <i>Culicoides</i> are tiny stout-shaped hematophagous insects and are thought to transmit the filarial nematode <i>Mansonella perstans</i>. Little is known about the <i>Culicoides</i> fauna in the rain forest belt of the Littoral Region of Cameroon. This study was designed to investigate the diversity, abundance and distribution of <i>Culicoides</i> spp. and their role as the purported vector(s) of <i>M. perstans</i>. Overnight light trap collections and human landing catches (HLCs) revealed eight species of <i>Culicoides</i> with <i>C. grahamii</i> being the most abundant species followed by <i>C. milnei</i>. Four anthropophilic species (<i>C. inornatipennis</i>, <i>C. grahamii</i>, <i>C. fulvithorax</i> and <i>C. milnei</i>) were determined by the HLCs with a higher abundance in the 4–6 p.m. collections. The drop trap technique and Mp419 LAMP assay confirmed <i>C. milnei</i> to be the most efficient vector in enabling the development of the microfilarial stage to the infective larval form of <i>M. perstans</i>. The LAMP assay also revealed that natural transmission of this nematode is fostered by <i>C. milnei</i> and <i>C. grahamii</i> in the wild. In conclusion, <i>C. milnei</i> was shown to be the main vector of <i>M. perstans</i> in the rain forest belt of the Littoral Region of Cameroon.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/2/146<i>Culicoides</i> speciesrelative abundancemidgesbiting cycle<i>Culicoides milnei</i><i>Mansonella perstans</i> |
| spellingShingle | Rene Ebai Chi Anizette Kien Fanny Fri Fombad Frederick Esofi Emmanuel Ouam Anna Ning Ntuh Glory Ngongeh Amambo Victor Narcisse Tchamatchoua Gandjui Valerine Chawa Chunda Franck Nietcho Lucy Cho Nchang Chefor Magha Jerome Fru Cho Mathias Eyong Esum Peter Ivo Enyong Kenneth Pfarr Achim Hoerauf Manuel Ritter Samuel Wanji <i>Culicoides</i> Species of the Rain Forest Belt of the Littoral Region of Cameroon: Their Incrimination in the Transmission of <i>Mansonella perstans</i> Pathogens <i>Culicoides</i> species relative abundance midges biting cycle <i>Culicoides milnei</i> <i>Mansonella perstans</i> |
| title | <i>Culicoides</i> Species of the Rain Forest Belt of the Littoral Region of Cameroon: Their Incrimination in the Transmission of <i>Mansonella perstans</i> |
| title_full | <i>Culicoides</i> Species of the Rain Forest Belt of the Littoral Region of Cameroon: Their Incrimination in the Transmission of <i>Mansonella perstans</i> |
| title_fullStr | <i>Culicoides</i> Species of the Rain Forest Belt of the Littoral Region of Cameroon: Their Incrimination in the Transmission of <i>Mansonella perstans</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Culicoides</i> Species of the Rain Forest Belt of the Littoral Region of Cameroon: Their Incrimination in the Transmission of <i>Mansonella perstans</i> |
| title_short | <i>Culicoides</i> Species of the Rain Forest Belt of the Littoral Region of Cameroon: Their Incrimination in the Transmission of <i>Mansonella perstans</i> |
| title_sort | i culicoides i species of the rain forest belt of the littoral region of cameroon their incrimination in the transmission of i mansonella perstans i |
| topic | <i>Culicoides</i> species relative abundance midges biting cycle <i>Culicoides milnei</i> <i>Mansonella perstans</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/2/146 |
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