An Analysis of Spatial–Temporal Evolution and Propagation Features of Vegetation Drought in Different Sub-Zones of China
The vegetation drought phenomenon will reduce the amount of water available to the vegetation system, change the ecological and hydrological cycles of plants, and affect the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem in various forms. Therefore, research on the dynamic variation and driving mechanism of vege...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/8/2101 |
| _version_ | 1797585814413115392 |
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| author | Shikai Gao Hexin Lai Fei Wang Xiaoman Qiang Hao Li Danyang Di |
| author_facet | Shikai Gao Hexin Lai Fei Wang Xiaoman Qiang Hao Li Danyang Di |
| author_sort | Shikai Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The vegetation drought phenomenon will reduce the amount of water available to the vegetation system, change the ecological and hydrological cycles of plants, and affect the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem in various forms. Therefore, research on the dynamic variation and driving mechanism of vegetation drought will help us recognize and predict the response of vegetation under drought stress conditions, implement appropriate policy measures to deal with the drought crisis, and provide technical support for implementing vegetation protection and alleviating the increasing risk of vegetation drought. However, the dynamic variation of vegetation drought and its dynamic propagation mechanism are still undefined across China. In this study, the spatio-temporal evolutions and pixel-scaled trends of vegetation drought were analyzed during the period between 1999 and 2020. Additionally, the propagation features were investigated between vegetation drought and meteorological drought. Finally, the relationships between vegetation drought and atmospheric teleconnection were explicitly clarified using multivariate cross wavelet transform technology. The results highlighted five key findings: (1) the vegetation drought presented an overall decreasing trend across China in 1999–2020; (2) the most serious vegetation drought occurred in the year 2000, with the average vegetation condition index (VCI) values ranging from 0.36 to 0.46; (3) vegetation droughts were alleviating at the pixel scale for each season; (4) the propagation time from meteorological drought to vegetation drought was shorter in summer (1.26 months) and longer in winter (2.26 months); and (5) the three-factors combination of Pacific North American (PNA), El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and Trans Polar Index (TPI) can satisfactorily explain the variations of vegetation drought. This study sheds new viewpoints into the identification of vegetation drought variation across China, which can also be applied in other areas. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:11:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-54835ba681774abbbfe84fecd60c1dd8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:11:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-54835ba681774abbbfe84fecd60c1dd82023-11-18T23:55:03ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-08-01138210110.3390/agronomy13082101An Analysis of Spatial–Temporal Evolution and Propagation Features of Vegetation Drought in Different Sub-Zones of ChinaShikai Gao0Hexin Lai1Fei Wang2Xiaoman Qiang3Hao Li4Danyang Di5School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, ChinaSchool of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, ChinaSchool of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, ChinaSchool of Water Conservancy and Transportation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaThe vegetation drought phenomenon will reduce the amount of water available to the vegetation system, change the ecological and hydrological cycles of plants, and affect the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem in various forms. Therefore, research on the dynamic variation and driving mechanism of vegetation drought will help us recognize and predict the response of vegetation under drought stress conditions, implement appropriate policy measures to deal with the drought crisis, and provide technical support for implementing vegetation protection and alleviating the increasing risk of vegetation drought. However, the dynamic variation of vegetation drought and its dynamic propagation mechanism are still undefined across China. In this study, the spatio-temporal evolutions and pixel-scaled trends of vegetation drought were analyzed during the period between 1999 and 2020. Additionally, the propagation features were investigated between vegetation drought and meteorological drought. Finally, the relationships between vegetation drought and atmospheric teleconnection were explicitly clarified using multivariate cross wavelet transform technology. The results highlighted five key findings: (1) the vegetation drought presented an overall decreasing trend across China in 1999–2020; (2) the most serious vegetation drought occurred in the year 2000, with the average vegetation condition index (VCI) values ranging from 0.36 to 0.46; (3) vegetation droughts were alleviating at the pixel scale for each season; (4) the propagation time from meteorological drought to vegetation drought was shorter in summer (1.26 months) and longer in winter (2.26 months); and (5) the three-factors combination of Pacific North American (PNA), El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and Trans Polar Index (TPI) can satisfactorily explain the variations of vegetation drought. This study sheds new viewpoints into the identification of vegetation drought variation across China, which can also be applied in other areas.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/8/2101vegetation droughtdynamic variationsatmospheric teleconnectionmultivariate cross wavelet transform technologyChina |
| spellingShingle | Shikai Gao Hexin Lai Fei Wang Xiaoman Qiang Hao Li Danyang Di An Analysis of Spatial–Temporal Evolution and Propagation Features of Vegetation Drought in Different Sub-Zones of China Agronomy vegetation drought dynamic variations atmospheric teleconnection multivariate cross wavelet transform technology China |
| title | An Analysis of Spatial–Temporal Evolution and Propagation Features of Vegetation Drought in Different Sub-Zones of China |
| title_full | An Analysis of Spatial–Temporal Evolution and Propagation Features of Vegetation Drought in Different Sub-Zones of China |
| title_fullStr | An Analysis of Spatial–Temporal Evolution and Propagation Features of Vegetation Drought in Different Sub-Zones of China |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Analysis of Spatial–Temporal Evolution and Propagation Features of Vegetation Drought in Different Sub-Zones of China |
| title_short | An Analysis of Spatial–Temporal Evolution and Propagation Features of Vegetation Drought in Different Sub-Zones of China |
| title_sort | analysis of spatial temporal evolution and propagation features of vegetation drought in different sub zones of china |
| topic | vegetation drought dynamic variations atmospheric teleconnection multivariate cross wavelet transform technology China |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/8/2101 |
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