Fluorescent Probes for Live Cell Thiol Detection
Thiols play vital and irreplaceable roles in the biological system. Abnormality of thiol levels has been linked with various diseases and biological disorders. Thiols are known to distribute unevenly and change dynamically in the biological system. Methods that can determine thiols’ concentration an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/12/3575 |
| _version_ | 1797530454189932544 |
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| author | Shenggang Wang Yue Huang Xiangming Guan |
| author_facet | Shenggang Wang Yue Huang Xiangming Guan |
| author_sort | Shenggang Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Thiols play vital and irreplaceable roles in the biological system. Abnormality of thiol levels has been linked with various diseases and biological disorders. Thiols are known to distribute unevenly and change dynamically in the biological system. Methods that can determine thiols’ concentration and distribution in live cells are in high demand. In the last two decades, fluorescent probes have emerged as a powerful tool for achieving that goal for the simplicity, high sensitivity, and capability of visualizing the analytes in live cells in a non-invasive way. They also enable the determination of intracellular distribution and dynamitic movement of thiols in the intact native environments. This review focuses on some of the major strategies/mechanisms being used for detecting GSH, Cys/Hcy, and other thiols in live cells via fluorescent probes, and how they are applied at the cellular and subcellular levels. The sensing mechanisms (for GSH and Cys/Hcy) and bio-applications of the probes are illustrated followed by a summary of probes for selectively detecting cellular and subcellular thiols. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:29:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-54856f82e05240cdaafb0049688f38b5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:29:11Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-54856f82e05240cdaafb0049688f38b52023-11-21T23:44:38ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-06-012612357510.3390/molecules26123575Fluorescent Probes for Live Cell Thiol DetectionShenggang Wang0Yue Huang1Xiangming Guan2Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Box 2202C, Brookings, SD 57007, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Box 2202C, Brookings, SD 57007, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Box 2202C, Brookings, SD 57007, USAThiols play vital and irreplaceable roles in the biological system. Abnormality of thiol levels has been linked with various diseases and biological disorders. Thiols are known to distribute unevenly and change dynamically in the biological system. Methods that can determine thiols’ concentration and distribution in live cells are in high demand. In the last two decades, fluorescent probes have emerged as a powerful tool for achieving that goal for the simplicity, high sensitivity, and capability of visualizing the analytes in live cells in a non-invasive way. They also enable the determination of intracellular distribution and dynamitic movement of thiols in the intact native environments. This review focuses on some of the major strategies/mechanisms being used for detecting GSH, Cys/Hcy, and other thiols in live cells via fluorescent probes, and how they are applied at the cellular and subcellular levels. The sensing mechanisms (for GSH and Cys/Hcy) and bio-applications of the probes are illustrated followed by a summary of probes for selectively detecting cellular and subcellular thiols.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/12/3575live cell thiol fluorescence imagingcellular thiolssubcellular thiolsnon-protein thiolsprotein thiolsmitochondrial thiols |
| spellingShingle | Shenggang Wang Yue Huang Xiangming Guan Fluorescent Probes for Live Cell Thiol Detection Molecules live cell thiol fluorescence imaging cellular thiols subcellular thiols non-protein thiols protein thiols mitochondrial thiols |
| title | Fluorescent Probes for Live Cell Thiol Detection |
| title_full | Fluorescent Probes for Live Cell Thiol Detection |
| title_fullStr | Fluorescent Probes for Live Cell Thiol Detection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fluorescent Probes for Live Cell Thiol Detection |
| title_short | Fluorescent Probes for Live Cell Thiol Detection |
| title_sort | fluorescent probes for live cell thiol detection |
| topic | live cell thiol fluorescence imaging cellular thiols subcellular thiols non-protein thiols protein thiols mitochondrial thiols |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/12/3575 |
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