Molecular Characterization of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. among Dairy, Cashmere, and Meat Goats in Shaanxi Province, Northwestern China
<i>Anaplasma</i> spp. are important tick-borne pathogens endangering the health of humans and various animals. Although several studies have reported <i>Anaplasma</i> infection in livestock in China, little is known about the impact of production categories on the occurrence...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/12/1566 |
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| author | Xin Yang Mingzhe Fu Zhengqing Yu Junwei Wang Junke Song Guanghui Zhao |
| author_facet | Xin Yang Mingzhe Fu Zhengqing Yu Junwei Wang Junke Song Guanghui Zhao |
| author_sort | Xin Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. are important tick-borne pathogens endangering the health of humans and various animals. Although several studies have reported <i>Anaplasma</i> infection in livestock in China, little is known about the impact of production categories on the occurrence of <i>Anaplasma</i> species. In the present study, PCR tools targeting the 16S rRNA and <i>msp4</i> genes were applied to investigate the prevalence of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. in 509 blood samples of dairy (<i>n</i> = 249), cashmere (<i>n</i> = 139), and meat (<i>n</i> = 121) goats from Shaanxi province. The prevalence of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. was 58.5% (298/509) in goats, and significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.001) were identified in the prevalence among production categories, with the highest in meat goats (84.3%, 102/121), followed by cashmere goats (58.3%, 81/139) and dairy goats (46.2%, 115/249). Significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in prevalence were also found among sampling sites and age groups. Meanwhile, the prevalence was 36.9% (188/509) for <i>A. phagocytophilum</i>, 36.1% (184/509) for <i>A. bovis</i>, and 11.0% (56/509) for <i>A. ovis</i>, and significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in prevalence of <i>A. phagocytophilum</i>, <i>A. bovis</i> and <i>A. ovis</i> were recognized among production categories and sampling sites. <i>A. phagocytophilum</i>, <i>A. bovis</i> and <i>A. ovis</i> were dominant species in meat, dairy, and cashmere goats, respectively, and <i>A. ovis</i> was absent in meat goats. Co-infections were found in 124 (24.4%) investigated samples. Goats aged < 2, 3–6, and 7–12 months, and goats from Qingjian and Zhenba were risk factors associated with the occurrence of <i>Anaplasma</i>. Phylogenetic analysis indicated separate clades for the distribution of <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> from different ruminant, reflecting potential host adaption within this species. This study reported the colonization occurrence of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. among production categories in goats in Shaanxi province and enriched our knowledge on the transmission of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. in goats in China. Considering the existence of zoonotic <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> in goats in this study and previous reports, interventions based on One Health are needed to be developed to control the transmission of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. between humans and animals. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-5488ee14aee64d3791c6e9481be2a2192023-11-23T15:15:16ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-06-011212156610.3390/ani12121566Molecular Characterization of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. among Dairy, Cashmere, and Meat Goats in Shaanxi Province, Northwestern ChinaXin Yang0Mingzhe Fu1Zhengqing Yu2Junwei Wang3Junke Song4Guanghui Zhao5College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China<i>Anaplasma</i> spp. are important tick-borne pathogens endangering the health of humans and various animals. Although several studies have reported <i>Anaplasma</i> infection in livestock in China, little is known about the impact of production categories on the occurrence of <i>Anaplasma</i> species. In the present study, PCR tools targeting the 16S rRNA and <i>msp4</i> genes were applied to investigate the prevalence of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. in 509 blood samples of dairy (<i>n</i> = 249), cashmere (<i>n</i> = 139), and meat (<i>n</i> = 121) goats from Shaanxi province. The prevalence of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. was 58.5% (298/509) in goats, and significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.001) were identified in the prevalence among production categories, with the highest in meat goats (84.3%, 102/121), followed by cashmere goats (58.3%, 81/139) and dairy goats (46.2%, 115/249). Significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in prevalence were also found among sampling sites and age groups. Meanwhile, the prevalence was 36.9% (188/509) for <i>A. phagocytophilum</i>, 36.1% (184/509) for <i>A. bovis</i>, and 11.0% (56/509) for <i>A. ovis</i>, and significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in prevalence of <i>A. phagocytophilum</i>, <i>A. bovis</i> and <i>A. ovis</i> were recognized among production categories and sampling sites. <i>A. phagocytophilum</i>, <i>A. bovis</i> and <i>A. ovis</i> were dominant species in meat, dairy, and cashmere goats, respectively, and <i>A. ovis</i> was absent in meat goats. Co-infections were found in 124 (24.4%) investigated samples. Goats aged < 2, 3–6, and 7–12 months, and goats from Qingjian and Zhenba were risk factors associated with the occurrence of <i>Anaplasma</i>. Phylogenetic analysis indicated separate clades for the distribution of <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> from different ruminant, reflecting potential host adaption within this species. This study reported the colonization occurrence of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. among production categories in goats in Shaanxi province and enriched our knowledge on the transmission of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. in goats in China. Considering the existence of zoonotic <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> in goats in this study and previous reports, interventions based on One Health are needed to be developed to control the transmission of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. between humans and animals.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/12/1566anaplasmosis16S rRNA gene<i>msp4</i> geneprevalenceblood DNA |
| spellingShingle | Xin Yang Mingzhe Fu Zhengqing Yu Junwei Wang Junke Song Guanghui Zhao Molecular Characterization of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. among Dairy, Cashmere, and Meat Goats in Shaanxi Province, Northwestern China Animals anaplasmosis 16S rRNA gene <i>msp4</i> gene prevalence blood DNA |
| title | Molecular Characterization of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. among Dairy, Cashmere, and Meat Goats in Shaanxi Province, Northwestern China |
| title_full | Molecular Characterization of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. among Dairy, Cashmere, and Meat Goats in Shaanxi Province, Northwestern China |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Characterization of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. among Dairy, Cashmere, and Meat Goats in Shaanxi Province, Northwestern China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Characterization of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. among Dairy, Cashmere, and Meat Goats in Shaanxi Province, Northwestern China |
| title_short | Molecular Characterization of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. among Dairy, Cashmere, and Meat Goats in Shaanxi Province, Northwestern China |
| title_sort | molecular characterization of i anaplasma i spp among dairy cashmere and meat goats in shaanxi province northwestern china |
| topic | anaplasmosis 16S rRNA gene <i>msp4</i> gene prevalence blood DNA |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/12/1566 |
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