Nephroprotective Effects of Caffeine, Vanillin, and Their Combination against Experimental AlCl3-Induced Renal Toxicity in Adult Male Wistar Rats
Aluminum (Al) is known to be a nephrotoxic metal that can cause renal toxicity in both humans and animals. The use of functional foods has been reported to have significance in managing the toxic effects associated with such metals. This study aimed to assess the potential protective effects of caff...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Hindawi Limited
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Biochemistry Research International |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6615863 |
| _version_ | 1797733124139909120 |
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| author | Olakunle Bamikole Afolabi Oluwaseun Ruth Olasehinde Oyindamola Adeniyi Olaoye Kikelomo Folake Jaiyesimi Ilobekemen Lisa Ekakitie Omotade Ibidun Oloyede |
| author_facet | Olakunle Bamikole Afolabi Oluwaseun Ruth Olasehinde Oyindamola Adeniyi Olaoye Kikelomo Folake Jaiyesimi Ilobekemen Lisa Ekakitie Omotade Ibidun Oloyede |
| author_sort | Olakunle Bamikole Afolabi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aluminum (Al) is known to be a nephrotoxic metal that can cause renal toxicity in both humans and animals. The use of functional foods has been reported to have significance in managing the toxic effects associated with such metals. This study aimed to assess the potential protective effects of caffeine, vanillin, and their combination in mitigating AlCl3-induced renal toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. A total of thirty (30) adult male Wistar rats weighing between 150 and 200 g were randomly divided into five groups, each consisting of six rats (n = 6). Group 1 served as the control, while the remaining treatment groups received a daily oral dose of 100 mg/kg AlCl3 for a duration of 21 days. In addition, groups 3–5 were coadministered 50 mg/kg body weight (bw) of caffeine, vanillin, and a combination (50/50 mg/kg bw) of both substances, respectively. In the results, AlCl3-treated showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in serum biomarkers such as ALT, ALP, urea, and creatinine, and a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in serum total proteins (TPs). The renal tissue’s antioxidant system, including SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH, exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) reduction, accompanied by an elevated MDA level. However, the administration of caffeine, vanillin, and their combination resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in serum ALT, ALP, urea, and creatinine, and a significant (p < 0.05) increase in serum TP. Furthermore, following the treatment, there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in renal SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH levels, along with a reduction in the MDA level. In addition, the treatment for 21 days caused a significant (p < 0.05) reversal to the altered histomorphological architecture. These findings suggest that caffeine, vanillin, and their combination could potentially be an effective regimen in managing AlCl3-induced renal toxicity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:24:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-549dbc28d7f14671b4c2656804eea0b0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2090-2255 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:24:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Hindawi Limited |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biochemistry Research International |
| spelling | doaj.art-549dbc28d7f14671b4c2656804eea0b02023-08-30T00:00:03ZengHindawi LimitedBiochemistry Research International2090-22552023-01-01202310.1155/2023/6615863Nephroprotective Effects of Caffeine, Vanillin, and Their Combination against Experimental AlCl3-Induced Renal Toxicity in Adult Male Wistar RatsOlakunle Bamikole Afolabi0Oluwaseun Ruth Olasehinde1Oyindamola Adeniyi Olaoye2Kikelomo Folake Jaiyesimi3Ilobekemen Lisa Ekakitie4Omotade Ibidun Oloyede5Department of Chemical SciencesDepartment of Medical BiochemistryDepartment of Chemical SciencesDepartment of Chemical SciencesDepartment of Chemical SciencesDepartment of BiochemistryAluminum (Al) is known to be a nephrotoxic metal that can cause renal toxicity in both humans and animals. The use of functional foods has been reported to have significance in managing the toxic effects associated with such metals. This study aimed to assess the potential protective effects of caffeine, vanillin, and their combination in mitigating AlCl3-induced renal toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. A total of thirty (30) adult male Wistar rats weighing between 150 and 200 g were randomly divided into five groups, each consisting of six rats (n = 6). Group 1 served as the control, while the remaining treatment groups received a daily oral dose of 100 mg/kg AlCl3 for a duration of 21 days. In addition, groups 3–5 were coadministered 50 mg/kg body weight (bw) of caffeine, vanillin, and a combination (50/50 mg/kg bw) of both substances, respectively. In the results, AlCl3-treated showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in serum biomarkers such as ALT, ALP, urea, and creatinine, and a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in serum total proteins (TPs). The renal tissue’s antioxidant system, including SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH, exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) reduction, accompanied by an elevated MDA level. However, the administration of caffeine, vanillin, and their combination resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in serum ALT, ALP, urea, and creatinine, and a significant (p < 0.05) increase in serum TP. Furthermore, following the treatment, there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in renal SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH levels, along with a reduction in the MDA level. In addition, the treatment for 21 days caused a significant (p < 0.05) reversal to the altered histomorphological architecture. These findings suggest that caffeine, vanillin, and their combination could potentially be an effective regimen in managing AlCl3-induced renal toxicity.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6615863 |
| spellingShingle | Olakunle Bamikole Afolabi Oluwaseun Ruth Olasehinde Oyindamola Adeniyi Olaoye Kikelomo Folake Jaiyesimi Ilobekemen Lisa Ekakitie Omotade Ibidun Oloyede Nephroprotective Effects of Caffeine, Vanillin, and Their Combination against Experimental AlCl3-Induced Renal Toxicity in Adult Male Wistar Rats Biochemistry Research International |
| title | Nephroprotective Effects of Caffeine, Vanillin, and Their Combination against Experimental AlCl3-Induced Renal Toxicity in Adult Male Wistar Rats |
| title_full | Nephroprotective Effects of Caffeine, Vanillin, and Their Combination against Experimental AlCl3-Induced Renal Toxicity in Adult Male Wistar Rats |
| title_fullStr | Nephroprotective Effects of Caffeine, Vanillin, and Their Combination against Experimental AlCl3-Induced Renal Toxicity in Adult Male Wistar Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nephroprotective Effects of Caffeine, Vanillin, and Their Combination against Experimental AlCl3-Induced Renal Toxicity in Adult Male Wistar Rats |
| title_short | Nephroprotective Effects of Caffeine, Vanillin, and Their Combination against Experimental AlCl3-Induced Renal Toxicity in Adult Male Wistar Rats |
| title_sort | nephroprotective effects of caffeine vanillin and their combination against experimental alcl3 induced renal toxicity in adult male wistar rats |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6615863 |
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