Exploration into the Influencing Factors for the Intention of the Public to Vaccinate against Infectious Diseases Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior—Example of the COVID-19 Vaccine
Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was applied as an example, and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was used as a conceptual model. This study aimed to explore the impact of subjective norms (SNs), attitude towards the behavior (ATT), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) on the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/6/1092 |
| _version_ | 1797592432164995072 |
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| author | Zeming Li Zihan Li Xinying Sun |
| author_facet | Zeming Li Zihan Li Xinying Sun |
| author_sort | Zeming Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was applied as an example, and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was used as a conceptual model. This study aimed to explore the impact of subjective norms (SNs), attitude towards the behavior (ATT), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) on the intention of the public for regular vaccination during COVID-19. The outcomes can provide certain recommendations for relevant policymakers in developing targeted health education intervention programs in the event of similar events. Methods: An online survey was performed between 17 April and 14 May 2021, via the online survey platform “WENJUANXING”. The multistage stratified cluster sampling was employed, and 2098 participants (1114 males; 53.10%) with a mean age of 31.22 years (SD = 8.29) completed the survey. The survey covered the factors influencing the public’s intention to receive future regular vaccinations during COVID-19 based on TPB. The effects of different variables on the public’s vaccination intention were analyzed using hierarchical stepwise regression. Results: The public’s intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine (i.e., behavioral intention) in the future was taken as the dependent variable. Gender, age, marital status, education level, per capita monthly household income, vaccine-related knowledge, whether the COVID-19 vaccine was received, subjective norms (SNs), attitude towards the behavior (ATT), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were used as independent variables. In this way, a hierarchical stepwise multiple regression model was developed. It can be seen from the final model that gender, age, vaccine-related knowledge, vaccination, attitude, SNs, and PBC were all influential factors in the public’s intention to get vaccinated in the future, with R<sup>2</sup> = 0.399 and adjusted R<sup>2</sup> = 0.397 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Conclusion: TPB explains the intention of the public to receive future vaccinations to a large extent, and ATT and SNs are the most important influencing factors. It is suggested that vaccine intervention programs be developed to enhance public awareness and acceptance of vaccination. This can be achieved in three aspects, namely, improving the ATT of the public, SNs, and PBC. Furthermore, the influence of gender, age, vaccine knowledge, and previous vaccination behavior on vaccination intention should be taken into account. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:50:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-549e705e38c04048b4bb295d2eaf9962 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:50:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-549e705e38c04048b4bb295d2eaf99622023-11-18T12:59:06ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2023-06-01116109210.3390/vaccines11061092Exploration into the Influencing Factors for the Intention of the Public to Vaccinate against Infectious Diseases Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior—Example of the COVID-19 VaccineZeming Li0Zihan Li1Xinying Sun2Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, ChinaDepartment of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, ChinaDepartment of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, ChinaObjectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was applied as an example, and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was used as a conceptual model. This study aimed to explore the impact of subjective norms (SNs), attitude towards the behavior (ATT), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) on the intention of the public for regular vaccination during COVID-19. The outcomes can provide certain recommendations for relevant policymakers in developing targeted health education intervention programs in the event of similar events. Methods: An online survey was performed between 17 April and 14 May 2021, via the online survey platform “WENJUANXING”. The multistage stratified cluster sampling was employed, and 2098 participants (1114 males; 53.10%) with a mean age of 31.22 years (SD = 8.29) completed the survey. The survey covered the factors influencing the public’s intention to receive future regular vaccinations during COVID-19 based on TPB. The effects of different variables on the public’s vaccination intention were analyzed using hierarchical stepwise regression. Results: The public’s intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine (i.e., behavioral intention) in the future was taken as the dependent variable. Gender, age, marital status, education level, per capita monthly household income, vaccine-related knowledge, whether the COVID-19 vaccine was received, subjective norms (SNs), attitude towards the behavior (ATT), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) were used as independent variables. In this way, a hierarchical stepwise multiple regression model was developed. It can be seen from the final model that gender, age, vaccine-related knowledge, vaccination, attitude, SNs, and PBC were all influential factors in the public’s intention to get vaccinated in the future, with R<sup>2</sup> = 0.399 and adjusted R<sup>2</sup> = 0.397 (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Conclusion: TPB explains the intention of the public to receive future vaccinations to a large extent, and ATT and SNs are the most important influencing factors. It is suggested that vaccine intervention programs be developed to enhance public awareness and acceptance of vaccination. This can be achieved in three aspects, namely, improving the ATT of the public, SNs, and PBC. Furthermore, the influence of gender, age, vaccine knowledge, and previous vaccination behavior on vaccination intention should be taken into account.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/6/1092COVID-19infectious disease vaccinesvaccine receiving intentionTPB |
| spellingShingle | Zeming Li Zihan Li Xinying Sun Exploration into the Influencing Factors for the Intention of the Public to Vaccinate against Infectious Diseases Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior—Example of the COVID-19 Vaccine Vaccines COVID-19 infectious disease vaccines vaccine receiving intention TPB |
| title | Exploration into the Influencing Factors for the Intention of the Public to Vaccinate against Infectious Diseases Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior—Example of the COVID-19 Vaccine |
| title_full | Exploration into the Influencing Factors for the Intention of the Public to Vaccinate against Infectious Diseases Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior—Example of the COVID-19 Vaccine |
| title_fullStr | Exploration into the Influencing Factors for the Intention of the Public to Vaccinate against Infectious Diseases Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior—Example of the COVID-19 Vaccine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploration into the Influencing Factors for the Intention of the Public to Vaccinate against Infectious Diseases Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior—Example of the COVID-19 Vaccine |
| title_short | Exploration into the Influencing Factors for the Intention of the Public to Vaccinate against Infectious Diseases Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior—Example of the COVID-19 Vaccine |
| title_sort | exploration into the influencing factors for the intention of the public to vaccinate against infectious diseases based on the theory of planned behavior example of the covid 19 vaccine |
| topic | COVID-19 infectious disease vaccines vaccine receiving intention TPB |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/6/1092 |
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