Urinary Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (uTGF-β1) and Prevalent CKD Risk in HIV-Positive Patients in West Africa
Introduction: This study investigated the association of urinary transforming growth factor-β1 (uTGF-β1) with prevalent chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the HIV-infected population. Methods: HIV-positive patients without CKD (HIV+CKD−, n = 194) and 114 with CKD (HIV+CKD+) who did not have hypertensio...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2019-12-01
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| Series: | Kidney International Reports |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468024919314287 |
| _version_ | 1818505710687748096 |
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| author | Udeme E. Ekrikpo Cecilia N. Okuku Samuel O. Ajayi Olugbenga E. Ayodele Aminu K. Bello Ambroise Wonkam Collet Dandara Andre-Pascal Kengne Ikechi Okpechi |
| author_facet | Udeme E. Ekrikpo Cecilia N. Okuku Samuel O. Ajayi Olugbenga E. Ayodele Aminu K. Bello Ambroise Wonkam Collet Dandara Andre-Pascal Kengne Ikechi Okpechi |
| author_sort | Udeme E. Ekrikpo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: This study investigated the association of urinary transforming growth factor-β1 (uTGF-β1) with prevalent chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the HIV-infected population. Methods: HIV-positive patients without CKD (HIV+CKD−, n = 194) and 114 with CKD (HIV+CKD+) who did not have hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or hepatitis B or C, had their urinary protein-creatinine ratio (uPCR), serum transforming growth factor (TGF)–β1, and uTGF-β1 measured. uTGF-β1-creatinine ratios (uTGF-β1Cr) were calculated. Spearman correlation was used to determine the association between uTGF-β1Cr and various attributes, and the Cuzick trend test was used to assess the presence of a linear trend in median uTGF-β1Cr levels across the stages of CKD. Multivariable robust linear regression models were used to assess independent association with variability in uTGF-β1Cr and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels. Results: The age of the participants was 38.3 ± 10.3 years with 73.4% women. The median uTGF-β1Cr was higher among HIV+CKD+ (4.85 ng/mmol [25th–75th percentile 1.96–12.35] vs. 2.95 [1.02–5.84]; P = 0.001]). There was significant correlation between uTGF-β1Cr and age (P = 0.02), eGFR (P = 0.001), and uPCR (P < 0.001) in the HIV+CKD+ group. Among the HIV+CKD+ patients, there was gradual reduction in the median level of uTGF-β1Cr with CKD severity (P = 0.04). HIV+CKD+ patients had significantly higher levels of uTGF-β1Cr after controlling for potential confounders. Using eGFR as dependent variable, proteinuria explained the changes associated with uTGF-β1Cr levels. Conclusion: HIV+CKD+ patients express higher levels of uTGF-β1 especially in the early stages of CKD apparently related to proteinuria levels. Keywords: CKD, HIV, Nigeria, urinary TGF-β1 |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T21:54:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-54a78baed7364ad7b3a309c3e058c8a6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2468-0249 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T21:54:40Z |
| publishDate | 2019-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Kidney International Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-54a78baed7364ad7b3a309c3e058c8a62022-12-22T01:32:05ZengElsevierKidney International Reports2468-02492019-12-0141216981704Urinary Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (uTGF-β1) and Prevalent CKD Risk in HIV-Positive Patients in West AfricaUdeme E. Ekrikpo0Cecilia N. Okuku1Samuel O. Ajayi2Olugbenga E. Ayodele3Aminu K. Bello4Ambroise Wonkam5Collet Dandara6Andre-Pascal Kengne7Ikechi Okpechi8Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Medicine, University of Uyo, Uyo, NigeriaDepartment of Chemical Pathology, University of Uyo, Uyo, NigeriaDepartment of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, NigeriaDepartment of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, NigeriaDivision of Nephrology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, CanadaDivision of Human Genetics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDivision of Human Genetics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaNon-communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South AfricaKidney and Hypertension Research Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Correspondence: Ikechi Okpechi, Kidney and Hypertension Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Western Cape 7925, Cape Town, South Africa.Introduction: This study investigated the association of urinary transforming growth factor-β1 (uTGF-β1) with prevalent chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the HIV-infected population. Methods: HIV-positive patients without CKD (HIV+CKD−, n = 194) and 114 with CKD (HIV+CKD+) who did not have hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or hepatitis B or C, had their urinary protein-creatinine ratio (uPCR), serum transforming growth factor (TGF)–β1, and uTGF-β1 measured. uTGF-β1-creatinine ratios (uTGF-β1Cr) were calculated. Spearman correlation was used to determine the association between uTGF-β1Cr and various attributes, and the Cuzick trend test was used to assess the presence of a linear trend in median uTGF-β1Cr levels across the stages of CKD. Multivariable robust linear regression models were used to assess independent association with variability in uTGF-β1Cr and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels. Results: The age of the participants was 38.3 ± 10.3 years with 73.4% women. The median uTGF-β1Cr was higher among HIV+CKD+ (4.85 ng/mmol [25th–75th percentile 1.96–12.35] vs. 2.95 [1.02–5.84]; P = 0.001]). There was significant correlation between uTGF-β1Cr and age (P = 0.02), eGFR (P = 0.001), and uPCR (P < 0.001) in the HIV+CKD+ group. Among the HIV+CKD+ patients, there was gradual reduction in the median level of uTGF-β1Cr with CKD severity (P = 0.04). HIV+CKD+ patients had significantly higher levels of uTGF-β1Cr after controlling for potential confounders. Using eGFR as dependent variable, proteinuria explained the changes associated with uTGF-β1Cr levels. Conclusion: HIV+CKD+ patients express higher levels of uTGF-β1 especially in the early stages of CKD apparently related to proteinuria levels. Keywords: CKD, HIV, Nigeria, urinary TGF-β1http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468024919314287 |
| spellingShingle | Udeme E. Ekrikpo Cecilia N. Okuku Samuel O. Ajayi Olugbenga E. Ayodele Aminu K. Bello Ambroise Wonkam Collet Dandara Andre-Pascal Kengne Ikechi Okpechi Urinary Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (uTGF-β1) and Prevalent CKD Risk in HIV-Positive Patients in West Africa Kidney International Reports |
| title | Urinary Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (uTGF-β1) and Prevalent CKD Risk in HIV-Positive Patients in West Africa |
| title_full | Urinary Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (uTGF-β1) and Prevalent CKD Risk in HIV-Positive Patients in West Africa |
| title_fullStr | Urinary Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (uTGF-β1) and Prevalent CKD Risk in HIV-Positive Patients in West Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Urinary Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (uTGF-β1) and Prevalent CKD Risk in HIV-Positive Patients in West Africa |
| title_short | Urinary Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (uTGF-β1) and Prevalent CKD Risk in HIV-Positive Patients in West Africa |
| title_sort | urinary transforming growth factor beta 1 utgf β1 and prevalent ckd risk in hiv positive patients in west africa |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468024919314287 |
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