Impact of olfactory function on the trajectory of cognition, motor function, and quality of life in Parkinson’s disease
BackgroundOlfactory dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with more severe phenotypes, but trajectories of cognitive function, disease severity, and subdomains of quality-of-life measurements in patients with distinct olfactory profiles remain underexplored.ObjectiveTo analyze the in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2024.1329551/full |
| _version_ | 1827330796354011136 |
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| author | Chia-Yen Lin Yu-Shan Tsai Ming-Hong Chang Ming-Hong Chang |
| author_facet | Chia-Yen Lin Yu-Shan Tsai Ming-Hong Chang Ming-Hong Chang |
| author_sort | Chia-Yen Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundOlfactory dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with more severe phenotypes, but trajectories of cognitive function, disease severity, and subdomains of quality-of-life measurements in patients with distinct olfactory profiles remain underexplored.ObjectiveTo analyze the influence of olfaction on trajectories of clinical parameters in patients with PD.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SubjectsFrom October 2016 to May 2021, the study tracked 58 participants over 3 years. Participants completed follow-up assessments using tools including the Chinese version of the University of Pennsylvania’s Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, and the Chinese translation of the 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39).MethodsParticipants were divided into anosmia (UPSIT < 19) and non-anosmia (UPSIT ≥ 19) groups based on initial scores. Generalized estimating equations and repeated measures correlations were used to examine longitudinal associations and correlations between olfaction and clinical parameters.ResultsDivergent cognitive trajectories were observed between groups. The anosmia group exhibited a faster cognitive decline (adjusted B [beta coefficient] = −1.8, p = 0.012) according to the interaction effect of olfaction and time on the MoCA score. The anosmia group exhibited no longitudinal correlation between cognition and olfactory function but showed correlations with age (rrm [coefficient of repeated measures correlation] = −0.464, p = 0.004) and disease duration (rrm = −0.457, p = 0.005). The non-anosmia group’s UPSIT scores decreased over time (B = −2.3, p = 0.005) alongside a significant correlation with motor function (rrm = −0.479, p = 0.006).ConclusionThe anosmia group’s accelerated cognitive decline correlated with age and disease duration, but not olfactory function, suggesting a poor cognitive outcome in this population despite the lack of longitudinal correlation between cognition and olfaction. The non-anosmia group exhibited progressive olfactory degradation and notable correlations between motor function and UPSIT scores, implying pathological accumulation in the olfactory structure and basal ganglia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T16:22:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-54b9a900e5f04792aee5d365f92fef9a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-4365 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T16:22:34Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-54b9a900e5f04792aee5d365f92fef9a2024-03-04T04:39:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience1663-43652024-03-011610.3389/fnagi.2024.13295511329551Impact of olfactory function on the trajectory of cognition, motor function, and quality of life in Parkinson’s diseaseChia-Yen Lin0Yu-Shan Tsai1Ming-Hong Chang2Ming-Hong Chang3Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, TaiwanDepartment of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, TaiwanDepartment of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, TaiwanDepartment of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine and Brain and Neuroscience Research Center, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, TaiwanBackgroundOlfactory dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with more severe phenotypes, but trajectories of cognitive function, disease severity, and subdomains of quality-of-life measurements in patients with distinct olfactory profiles remain underexplored.ObjectiveTo analyze the influence of olfaction on trajectories of clinical parameters in patients with PD.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SubjectsFrom October 2016 to May 2021, the study tracked 58 participants over 3 years. Participants completed follow-up assessments using tools including the Chinese version of the University of Pennsylvania’s Smell Identification Test (UPSIT), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Movement Disorder Society-sponsored revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, and the Chinese translation of the 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39).MethodsParticipants were divided into anosmia (UPSIT < 19) and non-anosmia (UPSIT ≥ 19) groups based on initial scores. Generalized estimating equations and repeated measures correlations were used to examine longitudinal associations and correlations between olfaction and clinical parameters.ResultsDivergent cognitive trajectories were observed between groups. The anosmia group exhibited a faster cognitive decline (adjusted B [beta coefficient] = −1.8, p = 0.012) according to the interaction effect of olfaction and time on the MoCA score. The anosmia group exhibited no longitudinal correlation between cognition and olfactory function but showed correlations with age (rrm [coefficient of repeated measures correlation] = −0.464, p = 0.004) and disease duration (rrm = −0.457, p = 0.005). The non-anosmia group’s UPSIT scores decreased over time (B = −2.3, p = 0.005) alongside a significant correlation with motor function (rrm = −0.479, p = 0.006).ConclusionThe anosmia group’s accelerated cognitive decline correlated with age and disease duration, but not olfactory function, suggesting a poor cognitive outcome in this population despite the lack of longitudinal correlation between cognition and olfaction. The non-anosmia group exhibited progressive olfactory degradation and notable correlations between motor function and UPSIT scores, implying pathological accumulation in the olfactory structure and basal ganglia.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2024.1329551/fullolfactory dysfunctiondysosmiacognitionmotorquality of lifeParkinson’s disease |
| spellingShingle | Chia-Yen Lin Yu-Shan Tsai Ming-Hong Chang Ming-Hong Chang Impact of olfactory function on the trajectory of cognition, motor function, and quality of life in Parkinson’s disease Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience olfactory dysfunction dysosmia cognition motor quality of life Parkinson’s disease |
| title | Impact of olfactory function on the trajectory of cognition, motor function, and quality of life in Parkinson’s disease |
| title_full | Impact of olfactory function on the trajectory of cognition, motor function, and quality of life in Parkinson’s disease |
| title_fullStr | Impact of olfactory function on the trajectory of cognition, motor function, and quality of life in Parkinson’s disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of olfactory function on the trajectory of cognition, motor function, and quality of life in Parkinson’s disease |
| title_short | Impact of olfactory function on the trajectory of cognition, motor function, and quality of life in Parkinson’s disease |
| title_sort | impact of olfactory function on the trajectory of cognition motor function and quality of life in parkinson s disease |
| topic | olfactory dysfunction dysosmia cognition motor quality of life Parkinson’s disease |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2024.1329551/full |
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