Comparison of cytotoxicities and anti-allergic effects of topical ocular dual-action anti-allergic agents
Abstract Background To investigate the cytotoxicities of the topical ocular dual-action anti-allergic agents (alcaftadine 0.25%, bepotastine besilate 1.5%, and olopatadine HCL 0.1%) on human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) and their anti-allergic effects on cultured conjunctival epithelial cells. M...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-11-01
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| Series: | BMC Ophthalmology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12886-019-1228-5 |
| _version_ | 1819032927342690304 |
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| author | Sung Il Kim Choul Yong Park Gladys Fordjuor Jong Heon Lee Jong Soo Lee Ji Eun Lee |
| author_facet | Sung Il Kim Choul Yong Park Gladys Fordjuor Jong Heon Lee Jong Soo Lee Ji Eun Lee |
| author_sort | Sung Il Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background To investigate the cytotoxicities of the topical ocular dual-action anti-allergic agents (alcaftadine 0.25%, bepotastine besilate 1.5%, and olopatadine HCL 0.1%) on human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) and their anti-allergic effects on cultured conjunctival epithelial cells. Methods A Methylthiazolyltetrazolium(MTT)-based calorimetric assay was used to assess cytotoxicities using HCECs at concentrations of 10, 20 or 30% for exposure durations of 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 12 h or 24 h. Cellular morphologies were evaluated by inverted phase-contrast and electron microscopy. Wound widths were measured 2 h, 18 h, or 24 h after confluent HCECs monolayers were scratched. Realtime PCR was used to quantify anti-allergic effects on cultured human conjunctival cells, in which allergic reactions were induced by treating them with Aspergillus antigen. Results Cell viabilities decreased in time- and concentration-dependent manners. Cells were detached from dishes and showed microvilli loss, cytoplasmic vacuoles, and nuclear condensation when exposed to antiallergic agents; alcaftadine was found to be least cytotoxic. Alcaftadine treated HCECs monolayers showed the best wound healing followed by bepotastine and olopatadine (p < 0.0001). All agents significantly reduced the gene expressions of allergic cytokines (IL-5, IL-25, eotaxin, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin) and alcaftadine had the greatest effect (p < 0.0001 in all cases). Conclusions Alcaftadine seems to have less side effects and better therapeutic effects than the other two anti-allergic agents tested. It may be more beneficial to use less toxic agents for patients with ocular surface risk factors or presumed symptoms of toxicity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T07:09:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-54dd5f3d90ef4c5eb2c790752e77b572 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2415 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T07:09:43Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj.art-54dd5f3d90ef4c5eb2c790752e77b5722022-12-21T19:11:59ZengBMCBMC Ophthalmology1471-24152019-11-011911910.1186/s12886-019-1228-5Comparison of cytotoxicities and anti-allergic effects of topical ocular dual-action anti-allergic agentsSung Il Kim0Choul Yong Park1Gladys Fordjuor2Jong Heon Lee3Jong Soo Lee4Ji Eun Lee5Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University College of MedicineOphthalmology Unit, Department of Surgery, Korle-Bu Teaching HospitalBusan Medical CenterDepartment of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Pusan National UniversityAbstract Background To investigate the cytotoxicities of the topical ocular dual-action anti-allergic agents (alcaftadine 0.25%, bepotastine besilate 1.5%, and olopatadine HCL 0.1%) on human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) and their anti-allergic effects on cultured conjunctival epithelial cells. Methods A Methylthiazolyltetrazolium(MTT)-based calorimetric assay was used to assess cytotoxicities using HCECs at concentrations of 10, 20 or 30% for exposure durations of 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 12 h or 24 h. Cellular morphologies were evaluated by inverted phase-contrast and electron microscopy. Wound widths were measured 2 h, 18 h, or 24 h after confluent HCECs monolayers were scratched. Realtime PCR was used to quantify anti-allergic effects on cultured human conjunctival cells, in which allergic reactions were induced by treating them with Aspergillus antigen. Results Cell viabilities decreased in time- and concentration-dependent manners. Cells were detached from dishes and showed microvilli loss, cytoplasmic vacuoles, and nuclear condensation when exposed to antiallergic agents; alcaftadine was found to be least cytotoxic. Alcaftadine treated HCECs monolayers showed the best wound healing followed by bepotastine and olopatadine (p < 0.0001). All agents significantly reduced the gene expressions of allergic cytokines (IL-5, IL-25, eotaxin, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin) and alcaftadine had the greatest effect (p < 0.0001 in all cases). Conclusions Alcaftadine seems to have less side effects and better therapeutic effects than the other two anti-allergic agents tested. It may be more beneficial to use less toxic agents for patients with ocular surface risk factors or presumed symptoms of toxicity.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12886-019-1228-5Allergic conjunctivitisCytotoxicityTopical anti-allergic agents |
| spellingShingle | Sung Il Kim Choul Yong Park Gladys Fordjuor Jong Heon Lee Jong Soo Lee Ji Eun Lee Comparison of cytotoxicities and anti-allergic effects of topical ocular dual-action anti-allergic agents BMC Ophthalmology Allergic conjunctivitis Cytotoxicity Topical anti-allergic agents |
| title | Comparison of cytotoxicities and anti-allergic effects of topical ocular dual-action anti-allergic agents |
| title_full | Comparison of cytotoxicities and anti-allergic effects of topical ocular dual-action anti-allergic agents |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of cytotoxicities and anti-allergic effects of topical ocular dual-action anti-allergic agents |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of cytotoxicities and anti-allergic effects of topical ocular dual-action anti-allergic agents |
| title_short | Comparison of cytotoxicities and anti-allergic effects of topical ocular dual-action anti-allergic agents |
| title_sort | comparison of cytotoxicities and anti allergic effects of topical ocular dual action anti allergic agents |
| topic | Allergic conjunctivitis Cytotoxicity Topical anti-allergic agents |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12886-019-1228-5 |
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