Effectiveness of Workplace-Based Diet and Lifestyle Interventions on Risk Factors in Workers with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression
Workplace health interventions are essential to improve the health and well-being of workers and promote healthy lifestyle behaviours. We carried out a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of articles measuring the association between workplace dietary interventions and MetS risk. We...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/12/4560 |
| _version_ | 1797501703881228288 |
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| author | Alicia Gea Cabrera Pablo Caballero Carmina Wanden-Berghe María Sanz-Lorente Elsa López-Pintor |
| author_facet | Alicia Gea Cabrera Pablo Caballero Carmina Wanden-Berghe María Sanz-Lorente Elsa López-Pintor |
| author_sort | Alicia Gea Cabrera |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Workplace health interventions are essential to improve the health and well-being of workers and promote healthy lifestyle behaviours. We carried out a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of articles measuring the association between workplace dietary interventions and MetS risk. We recovered potentially eligible studies by searching MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science, using the terms “Metabolic syndrome” and “Occupational Health”. A total of 311 references were retrieved and 13 documents were selected after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Dietary interventions were grouped into six main types: basic education/counselling; specific diet/changes in diet and food intake; behavioural change/coaching; physical exercise; stress management; and internet/social networks. Most programmes included several components. The interventions considered together are beneficial, but the clinical results reflect only a minimal impact on MetS risk. According to the metaregression, the interventions with the greatest impact were those that used coaching techniques and those that promoted physical activity, leading to increased HDL (effect size = 1.58, sig = 0.043; and 2.02, 0.015, respectively) and decreased BMI (effect size = −0.79, sig = −0.009; and −0.77, 0.034, respectively). In contrast, interventions offering information on healthy habits and lifestyle had the contrary effect, leading to increased BMI (effect size = 0.78, sig = 0.006), systolic blood pressure (effect size = 4.85, sig = 0.038) and diastolic blood pressure (effect size = 3.34, sig = 0.001). It is necessary to improve the efficiency of dietary interventions aimed at lowering MetS risk in workers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:22:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-54dd6371c1794bc1b6c5e8d02e4f2896 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:22:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-54dd6371c1794bc1b6c5e8d02e4f28962023-11-23T09:59:26ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-12-011312456010.3390/nu13124560Effectiveness of Workplace-Based Diet and Lifestyle Interventions on Risk Factors in Workers with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-RegressionAlicia Gea Cabrera0Pablo Caballero1Carmina Wanden-Berghe2María Sanz-Lorente3Elsa López-Pintor4Department of Engineering, Area of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03550 Alicante, SpainDepartment of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science (Spain), University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, 03690 Alicante, SpainGrupo de Nutrición Clínica y HAD del Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL-Fundación FISABIO), Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, 03010 Alicante, SpainDepartment of Public Health and History of Science, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03550 Alicante, SpainDepartment of Engineering, Area of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03550 Alicante, SpainWorkplace health interventions are essential to improve the health and well-being of workers and promote healthy lifestyle behaviours. We carried out a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of articles measuring the association between workplace dietary interventions and MetS risk. We recovered potentially eligible studies by searching MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science, using the terms “Metabolic syndrome” and “Occupational Health”. A total of 311 references were retrieved and 13 documents were selected after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Dietary interventions were grouped into six main types: basic education/counselling; specific diet/changes in diet and food intake; behavioural change/coaching; physical exercise; stress management; and internet/social networks. Most programmes included several components. The interventions considered together are beneficial, but the clinical results reflect only a minimal impact on MetS risk. According to the metaregression, the interventions with the greatest impact were those that used coaching techniques and those that promoted physical activity, leading to increased HDL (effect size = 1.58, sig = 0.043; and 2.02, 0.015, respectively) and decreased BMI (effect size = −0.79, sig = −0.009; and −0.77, 0.034, respectively). In contrast, interventions offering information on healthy habits and lifestyle had the contrary effect, leading to increased BMI (effect size = 0.78, sig = 0.006), systolic blood pressure (effect size = 4.85, sig = 0.038) and diastolic blood pressure (effect size = 3.34, sig = 0.001). It is necessary to improve the efficiency of dietary interventions aimed at lowering MetS risk in workers.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/12/4560metabolic syndromeoccupational healthworkplacedietfood and nutritionsystematic review |
| spellingShingle | Alicia Gea Cabrera Pablo Caballero Carmina Wanden-Berghe María Sanz-Lorente Elsa López-Pintor Effectiveness of Workplace-Based Diet and Lifestyle Interventions on Risk Factors in Workers with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression Nutrients metabolic syndrome occupational health workplace diet food and nutrition systematic review |
| title | Effectiveness of Workplace-Based Diet and Lifestyle Interventions on Risk Factors in Workers with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression |
| title_full | Effectiveness of Workplace-Based Diet and Lifestyle Interventions on Risk Factors in Workers with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression |
| title_fullStr | Effectiveness of Workplace-Based Diet and Lifestyle Interventions on Risk Factors in Workers with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effectiveness of Workplace-Based Diet and Lifestyle Interventions on Risk Factors in Workers with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression |
| title_short | Effectiveness of Workplace-Based Diet and Lifestyle Interventions on Risk Factors in Workers with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression |
| title_sort | effectiveness of workplace based diet and lifestyle interventions on risk factors in workers with metabolic syndrome a systematic review meta analysis and meta regression |
| topic | metabolic syndrome occupational health workplace diet food and nutrition systematic review |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/12/4560 |
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