Improving the Ionic Conductivity of the LLZO–LZO Thin Film through Indium Doping
A solid-state electrolyte with an ionic conductivity comparable to that of a liquid electrolyte is demanded of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries. Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (LLZO) is considered to be a promising candid...
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Crystals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/4/426 |
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| author | Zongkai Yan Yu Song Shuai Wu Yongmin Wu Shipai Song Xinyu Wang Yanlin Zhu Junsong Chen Rui Guo Yong Xiang |
| author_facet | Zongkai Yan Yu Song Shuai Wu Yongmin Wu Shipai Song Xinyu Wang Yanlin Zhu Junsong Chen Rui Guo Yong Xiang |
| author_sort | Zongkai Yan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A solid-state electrolyte with an ionic conductivity comparable to that of a liquid electrolyte is demanded of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries. Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (LLZO) is considered to be a promising candidate due to its good thermal stability, high ionic conductivity, and wide electrochemical window. However, the synthesis of a stable cubic-phase LLZO thin film with enhanced densification at a relatively low thermal treatment temperature is yet to be developed. Indium is predicted to be a possible dopant to stabilize the cubic-phase LLZO (c-LLZO). Herein, via a nanolayer stacking process, a LLZO–Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>–In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> multilayer solid electrolyte precursor was obtained. After thermal annealing at different temperatures, the effects of indium doping on the formation of c-LLZO and the ionic conductivities of the prepared LLZO–LZO thin film were systematically investigated. The highest ionic conductivity of 9.6 × 10<sup>−6</sup> S·cm<sup>–1</sup> was obtained at an annealing temperature of 800 °C because the incorporation of indium promoted the formation of c-LLZO and the highly conductive LLZO–LZO interfaces. At the end, a model of LLZO–LZO interface-enhancing ionic conductivity was proposed. This work provides a new approach for the development of low-temperature LLZO-based, solid-state thin-film batteries. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:18:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-54e8b2adc84f42cd8cdac71831c4b52e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:18:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj.art-54e8b2adc84f42cd8cdac71831c4b52e2023-11-21T15:41:14ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522021-04-0111442610.3390/cryst11040426Improving the Ionic Conductivity of the LLZO–LZO Thin Film through Indium DopingZongkai Yan0Yu Song1Shuai Wu2Yongmin Wu3Shipai Song4Xinyu Wang5Yanlin Zhu6Junsong Chen7Rui Guo8Yong Xiang9School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, ChinaHunan Aerospace Huanyu Communication Technology Co., LTD., Changsha 410006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai 200245, ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, ChinaShenzhen Clean Energy Research Institute, Shenzhen 518045, ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai 200245, ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, ChinaA solid-state electrolyte with an ionic conductivity comparable to that of a liquid electrolyte is demanded of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries. Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (LLZO) is considered to be a promising candidate due to its good thermal stability, high ionic conductivity, and wide electrochemical window. However, the synthesis of a stable cubic-phase LLZO thin film with enhanced densification at a relatively low thermal treatment temperature is yet to be developed. Indium is predicted to be a possible dopant to stabilize the cubic-phase LLZO (c-LLZO). Herein, via a nanolayer stacking process, a LLZO–Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>–In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> multilayer solid electrolyte precursor was obtained. After thermal annealing at different temperatures, the effects of indium doping on the formation of c-LLZO and the ionic conductivities of the prepared LLZO–LZO thin film were systematically investigated. The highest ionic conductivity of 9.6 × 10<sup>−6</sup> S·cm<sup>–1</sup> was obtained at an annealing temperature of 800 °C because the incorporation of indium promoted the formation of c-LLZO and the highly conductive LLZO–LZO interfaces. At the end, a model of LLZO–LZO interface-enhancing ionic conductivity was proposed. This work provides a new approach for the development of low-temperature LLZO-based, solid-state thin-film batteries.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/4/426LLZOindium dopingsolid electrolytes thin film |
| spellingShingle | Zongkai Yan Yu Song Shuai Wu Yongmin Wu Shipai Song Xinyu Wang Yanlin Zhu Junsong Chen Rui Guo Yong Xiang Improving the Ionic Conductivity of the LLZO–LZO Thin Film through Indium Doping Crystals LLZO indium doping solid electrolytes thin film |
| title | Improving the Ionic Conductivity of the LLZO–LZO Thin Film through Indium Doping |
| title_full | Improving the Ionic Conductivity of the LLZO–LZO Thin Film through Indium Doping |
| title_fullStr | Improving the Ionic Conductivity of the LLZO–LZO Thin Film through Indium Doping |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improving the Ionic Conductivity of the LLZO–LZO Thin Film through Indium Doping |
| title_short | Improving the Ionic Conductivity of the LLZO–LZO Thin Film through Indium Doping |
| title_sort | improving the ionic conductivity of the llzo lzo thin film through indium doping |
| topic | LLZO indium doping solid electrolytes thin film |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/11/4/426 |
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