Mild to moderate chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Gayatri Lessey,1 Konstantinos Stavropoulos,1,2 Vasilios Papademetriou1,21Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; 2Department of Medicine, VA Medical Center, Washington, DC, USACorrespondence: Vasilios PapademetriouGeorgetown University Hospital, 50 Irving St NW,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Vascular Health and Risk Management |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/mild-to-moderate-chronic-kidney-disease-and-cardiovascular-events-in-p-peer-reviewed-article-VHRM |
| _version_ | 1818554094959198208 |
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| author | Lessey G Stavropoulos K Papademetriou V |
| author_facet | Lessey G Stavropoulos K Papademetriou V |
| author_sort | Lessey G |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gayatri Lessey,1 Konstantinos Stavropoulos,1,2 Vasilios Papademetriou1,21Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; 2Department of Medicine, VA Medical Center, Washington, DC, USACorrespondence: Vasilios PapademetriouGeorgetown University Hospital, 50 Irving St NW, Washington, DC 20422, USATel +1 202 745 8334Fax +1 202 745 8636Email v.papademetriou@yahoo.comAbstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a major public health problem in the USA and worldwide. A large majority of patients with CKD have mild to moderate disease and microalbuminuria. It has increasingly been noted that patients with CKD have a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular outcomes compared to patients with normal kidney function. Many studies have shown increased risk beginning at stage 3 CKD but risk has been elevated in patients with milder degrees of kidney dysfunction in some studies. This risk may be better predicted by the degree of albuminuria in the earlier stages of CKD. Data addressing interventions to improve outcomes in patients with mild to moderate CKD are scarce. In this paper, we examined data and post hoc analyses from the ORIGIN and ACCORD trials. Data indicate that intensive treatment of diabetes in patients with CKD actually may result in adverse outcomes. The mechanism by which CKD results in increased cardiovascular risk is not clear. Patients with CKD frequently have the traditional risk factors that cause cardiovascular disease and there are mechanisms that are unique to CKD that promote the development of cardiovascular disease. In this article, we describe in some detail traditional, newer and novel risk factors that play a role in the development of CKD and heart disease.Keywords: CKD, CAD, cardiovascular mortality, diabetes mellitus |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T09:34:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-54f2eff3ceb449729a325370c82dd9d9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-2048 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T09:34:50Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vascular Health and Risk Management |
| spelling | doaj.art-54f2eff3ceb449729a325370c82dd9d92022-12-22T00:28:44ZengDove Medical PressVascular Health and Risk Management1178-20482019-08-01Volume 1536537348044Mild to moderate chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusLessey GStavropoulos KPapademetriou VGayatri Lessey,1 Konstantinos Stavropoulos,1,2 Vasilios Papademetriou1,21Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA; 2Department of Medicine, VA Medical Center, Washington, DC, USACorrespondence: Vasilios PapademetriouGeorgetown University Hospital, 50 Irving St NW, Washington, DC 20422, USATel +1 202 745 8334Fax +1 202 745 8636Email v.papademetriou@yahoo.comAbstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a major public health problem in the USA and worldwide. A large majority of patients with CKD have mild to moderate disease and microalbuminuria. It has increasingly been noted that patients with CKD have a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular outcomes compared to patients with normal kidney function. Many studies have shown increased risk beginning at stage 3 CKD but risk has been elevated in patients with milder degrees of kidney dysfunction in some studies. This risk may be better predicted by the degree of albuminuria in the earlier stages of CKD. Data addressing interventions to improve outcomes in patients with mild to moderate CKD are scarce. In this paper, we examined data and post hoc analyses from the ORIGIN and ACCORD trials. Data indicate that intensive treatment of diabetes in patients with CKD actually may result in adverse outcomes. The mechanism by which CKD results in increased cardiovascular risk is not clear. Patients with CKD frequently have the traditional risk factors that cause cardiovascular disease and there are mechanisms that are unique to CKD that promote the development of cardiovascular disease. In this article, we describe in some detail traditional, newer and novel risk factors that play a role in the development of CKD and heart disease.Keywords: CKD, CAD, cardiovascular mortality, diabetes mellitushttps://www.dovepress.com/mild-to-moderate-chronic-kidney-disease-and-cardiovascular-events-in-p-peer-reviewed-article-VHRMCKDCADCardiovascular mortalityDiabetes Mellitus |
| spellingShingle | Lessey G Stavropoulos K Papademetriou V Mild to moderate chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus Vascular Health and Risk Management CKD CAD Cardiovascular mortality Diabetes Mellitus |
| title | Mild to moderate chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| title_full | Mild to moderate chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| title_fullStr | Mild to moderate chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mild to moderate chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| title_short | Mild to moderate chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| title_sort | mild to moderate chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| topic | CKD CAD Cardiovascular mortality Diabetes Mellitus |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/mild-to-moderate-chronic-kidney-disease-and-cardiovascular-events-in-p-peer-reviewed-article-VHRM |
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