Effects of Trace Elements on the Microstructural and Machinability Characteristics of Al–Si–Cu–Mg Castings
This study was undertaken to emphasize the influence of Sn and Bi addition on the machinability of Sr-modified, grain-refined, and heat-treated Al–Si B319 and 396 alloys. Drilling and tapping tests were conducted to examine the cutting forces, tool life, tool wear, built-up edge evolution, and chip...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/1/377 |
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| author | Yasser Zedan Agnes M. Samuel Herbert W. Doty Victor Songmene Fawzy H. Samuel |
| author_facet | Yasser Zedan Agnes M. Samuel Herbert W. Doty Victor Songmene Fawzy H. Samuel |
| author_sort | Yasser Zedan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study was undertaken to emphasize the influence of Sn and Bi addition on the machinability of Sr-modified, grain-refined, and heat-treated Al–Si B319 and 396 alloys. Drilling and tapping tests were conducted to examine the cutting forces, tool life, tool wear, built-up edge evolution, and chip shape. Microstructures were examined using optical and electron microscopy. Drilling test results show that the B319.2 alloy with 0.15%Sn yields the longest drill life, i.e., twice that of the B319.2 alloy containing 0.5%Bi, and one-and-a-half times that of the B319.2 alloy containing 0.15%Sn + 0.5%Bi. The presence of 0.5%Bi in the B319.2 alloy causes a deterioration of drill life (cf., 1101 holes with 2100 holes drilled in the B319.2 alloy containing 0.15%Sn). The <i>α</i>-Fe phase in the 396 alloy produces the highest number of holes drilled compared with alloys containing sludge or <i>β</i>-Fe. The presence of sludge decreases the drill life by 50%. Built-up edge (BUE) measurements and optical photographs show little change in the BUE width for different numbers of holes except for the B319.2 alloy containing 0.5%Bi, which shows a slightly lower width (0.166 mm) compared with that containing 0.15% Sn (0.184 mm) or 0.15%Sn + 0.5%Bi (0.170 mm). |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5504057323a345f69b406142607d31be |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:32:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
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| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-5504057323a345f69b406142607d31be2023-11-23T11:52:23ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-01-0115137710.3390/ma15010377Effects of Trace Elements on the Microstructural and Machinability Characteristics of Al–Si–Cu–Mg CastingsYasser Zedan0Agnes M. Samuel1Herbert W. Doty2Victor Songmene3Fawzy H. Samuel4Département de Génie Mécanique, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, QC H3C 1K3, CanadaDépartement de Génie Mécanique, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, QC H3C 1K3, CanadaGeneral Motors Global Technology Center, Materials Technology, Estes Bldg, 30003 Fisher Brothers Rd, Warren, MI 48093-2350, USADépartement de Génie Mécanique, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, QC H3C 1K3, CanadaDépartement de Génie Mécanique, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, QC H3C 1K3, CanadaThis study was undertaken to emphasize the influence of Sn and Bi addition on the machinability of Sr-modified, grain-refined, and heat-treated Al–Si B319 and 396 alloys. Drilling and tapping tests were conducted to examine the cutting forces, tool life, tool wear, built-up edge evolution, and chip shape. Microstructures were examined using optical and electron microscopy. Drilling test results show that the B319.2 alloy with 0.15%Sn yields the longest drill life, i.e., twice that of the B319.2 alloy containing 0.5%Bi, and one-and-a-half times that of the B319.2 alloy containing 0.15%Sn + 0.5%Bi. The presence of 0.5%Bi in the B319.2 alloy causes a deterioration of drill life (cf., 1101 holes with 2100 holes drilled in the B319.2 alloy containing 0.15%Sn). The <i>α</i>-Fe phase in the 396 alloy produces the highest number of holes drilled compared with alloys containing sludge or <i>β</i>-Fe. The presence of sludge decreases the drill life by 50%. Built-up edge (BUE) measurements and optical photographs show little change in the BUE width for different numbers of holes except for the B319.2 alloy containing 0.5%Bi, which shows a slightly lower width (0.166 mm) compared with that containing 0.15% Sn (0.184 mm) or 0.15%Sn + 0.5%Bi (0.170 mm).https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/1/377B319.2 and 396 alloysSn and Bi additioncutting forcestool lifeBUEdrilling |
| spellingShingle | Yasser Zedan Agnes M. Samuel Herbert W. Doty Victor Songmene Fawzy H. Samuel Effects of Trace Elements on the Microstructural and Machinability Characteristics of Al–Si–Cu–Mg Castings Materials B319.2 and 396 alloys Sn and Bi addition cutting forces tool life BUE drilling |
| title | Effects of Trace Elements on the Microstructural and Machinability Characteristics of Al–Si–Cu–Mg Castings |
| title_full | Effects of Trace Elements on the Microstructural and Machinability Characteristics of Al–Si–Cu–Mg Castings |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Trace Elements on the Microstructural and Machinability Characteristics of Al–Si–Cu–Mg Castings |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Trace Elements on the Microstructural and Machinability Characteristics of Al–Si–Cu–Mg Castings |
| title_short | Effects of Trace Elements on the Microstructural and Machinability Characteristics of Al–Si–Cu–Mg Castings |
| title_sort | effects of trace elements on the microstructural and machinability characteristics of al si cu mg castings |
| topic | B319.2 and 396 alloys Sn and Bi addition cutting forces tool life BUE drilling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/1/377 |
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