Sexual dimorphism in ratio of second and fourth digits and its relationship with metabolic syndrome indices and cardiovascular risk factors
Background: Ratio of second and fourth digit (2D:4D) is known to be germane in analyzing utero concentrations of testosterone and estrogen in human and other vertebrates. 2D:4D had been linked to several traits like athletes′ abilities, reproductive success, risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2014-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Research in Medical Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.jmsjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-1995;year=2014;volume=19;issue=3;spage=234;epage=239;aulast=Oyeyemi |
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| author | Bolaji Fatai Oyeyemi Oluyinka Ajibola Iyiola Adekunle Wahab Oyeyemi Kokori Audu Oricha Abass Toba Anifowoshe Nanfizat Abiket Alamukii |
| author_facet | Bolaji Fatai Oyeyemi Oluyinka Ajibola Iyiola Adekunle Wahab Oyeyemi Kokori Audu Oricha Abass Toba Anifowoshe Nanfizat Abiket Alamukii |
| author_sort | Bolaji Fatai Oyeyemi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Ratio of second and fourth digit (2D:4D) is known to be germane in analyzing utero concentrations of testosterone and estrogen in human and other vertebrates. 2D:4D had been linked to several traits like athletes′ abilities, reproductive success, risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of several cardiovascular risk factors. Waist circumference (WC), neck circumference (NC), body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) are important in measuring MetS. This study investigated sexual dimorphism in 2D:4D and its relationship with MetS indices and CVD factors among adult residing in Ilorin, North central Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional, stratified multi-staged sampling study. Participants residing in different neighborhoods were visited at home where finger lengths and anthropometric traits were measured. Participants include 801 healthy adults aged 18-44 years (56% male) who had been living in the area for more than 3 years. Results: Males showed significantly lower 2D:4D than females (unpaired t-test; t [699] = 11.49, P = 0.001). A significant positive correlation was observed in MetS markers and 2D:4D. WHtR showed the highest correlation with 2D:4D in male (r = 0.461, P ≤ 0.001) and female (r = 0.408, P ≤ 0.001) when compared with BMI, NC and WC. All positive correlations recorded in this study were high in male and right hand. Conclusion: Our results showed that 2D:4D is sexual dimorphic and right hand 2D:4D as a predictor of MetS is better. We concluded that 2D:4D is a proxy for MetS and CVD risk factors in Ilorin. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T05:47:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-55113846c81c4ea99c8ca384caa7fb36 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1735-1995 1735-7136 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T05:47:19Z |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Research in Medical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-55113846c81c4ea99c8ca384caa7fb362022-12-21T23:57:38ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Research in Medical Sciences1735-19951735-71362014-01-01193234239Sexual dimorphism in ratio of second and fourth digits and its relationship with metabolic syndrome indices and cardiovascular risk factorsBolaji Fatai OyeyemiOluyinka Ajibola IyiolaAdekunle Wahab OyeyemiKokori Audu OrichaAbass Toba AnifowosheNanfizat Abiket AlamukiiBackground: Ratio of second and fourth digit (2D:4D) is known to be germane in analyzing utero concentrations of testosterone and estrogen in human and other vertebrates. 2D:4D had been linked to several traits like athletes′ abilities, reproductive success, risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of several cardiovascular risk factors. Waist circumference (WC), neck circumference (NC), body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) are important in measuring MetS. This study investigated sexual dimorphism in 2D:4D and its relationship with MetS indices and CVD factors among adult residing in Ilorin, North central Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional, stratified multi-staged sampling study. Participants residing in different neighborhoods were visited at home where finger lengths and anthropometric traits were measured. Participants include 801 healthy adults aged 18-44 years (56% male) who had been living in the area for more than 3 years. Results: Males showed significantly lower 2D:4D than females (unpaired t-test; t [699] = 11.49, P = 0.001). A significant positive correlation was observed in MetS markers and 2D:4D. WHtR showed the highest correlation with 2D:4D in male (r = 0.461, P ≤ 0.001) and female (r = 0.408, P ≤ 0.001) when compared with BMI, NC and WC. All positive correlations recorded in this study were high in male and right hand. Conclusion: Our results showed that 2D:4D is sexual dimorphic and right hand 2D:4D as a predictor of MetS is better. We concluded that 2D:4D is a proxy for MetS and CVD risk factors in Ilorin.http://www.jmsjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-1995;year=2014;volume=19;issue=3;spage=234;epage=239;aulast=OyeyemiCardiovascular diseasedigit ratiometabolic syndromesexual dimorphism |
| spellingShingle | Bolaji Fatai Oyeyemi Oluyinka Ajibola Iyiola Adekunle Wahab Oyeyemi Kokori Audu Oricha Abass Toba Anifowoshe Nanfizat Abiket Alamukii Sexual dimorphism in ratio of second and fourth digits and its relationship with metabolic syndrome indices and cardiovascular risk factors Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Cardiovascular disease digit ratio metabolic syndrome sexual dimorphism |
| title | Sexual dimorphism in ratio of second and fourth digits and its relationship with metabolic syndrome indices and cardiovascular risk factors |
| title_full | Sexual dimorphism in ratio of second and fourth digits and its relationship with metabolic syndrome indices and cardiovascular risk factors |
| title_fullStr | Sexual dimorphism in ratio of second and fourth digits and its relationship with metabolic syndrome indices and cardiovascular risk factors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sexual dimorphism in ratio of second and fourth digits and its relationship with metabolic syndrome indices and cardiovascular risk factors |
| title_short | Sexual dimorphism in ratio of second and fourth digits and its relationship with metabolic syndrome indices and cardiovascular risk factors |
| title_sort | sexual dimorphism in ratio of second and fourth digits and its relationship with metabolic syndrome indices and cardiovascular risk factors |
| topic | Cardiovascular disease digit ratio metabolic syndrome sexual dimorphism |
| url | http://www.jmsjournal.net/article.asp?issn=1735-1995;year=2014;volume=19;issue=3;spage=234;epage=239;aulast=Oyeyemi |
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