Wireless E-Nose Sensors to Detect Volatile Organic Gases through Multivariate Analysis
Gas sensors are critical components when adhering to health safety and environmental policies in various manufacturing industries, such as the petroleum and oil industry; scent and makeup production; food and beverage manufacturing; chemical engineering; pollution monitoring. In recent times, gas se...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Micromachines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/11/6/597 |
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| author | Saifur Rahman Abdullah S. Alwadie Muhammed Irfan Rabia Nawaz Mohsin Raza Ehtasham Javed Muhammad Awais |
| author_facet | Saifur Rahman Abdullah S. Alwadie Muhammed Irfan Rabia Nawaz Mohsin Raza Ehtasham Javed Muhammad Awais |
| author_sort | Saifur Rahman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gas sensors are critical components when adhering to health safety and environmental policies in various manufacturing industries, such as the petroleum and oil industry; scent and makeup production; food and beverage manufacturing; chemical engineering; pollution monitoring. In recent times, gas sensors have been introduced to medical diagnostics, bioprocesses, and plant disease diagnosis processes. There could be an adverse impact on human health due to the mixture of various gases (e.g., acetone (A), ethanol (E), propane (P)) that vent out from industrial areas. Therefore, it is important to accurately detect and differentiate such gases. Towards this goal, this paper presents a novel electronic nose (e-nose) detection method to classify various explosive gases. To detect explosive gases, metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensors are used as reliable tools to detect such volatile gases. The data received from MOS sensors are processed through a multivariate analysis technique to classify different categories of gases. Multivariate analysis was done using three variants—differential, relative, and fractional analyses—in principal components analysis (PCA). The MOS sensors also have three different designs: loading design, notch design, and Bi design. The proposed MOS sensor-based e-nose accurately detects and classifies three different gases, which indicates the reliability and practicality of the developed system. The developed system enables discrimination of these gases from the mixture. Based on the results from the proposed system, authorities can take preventive measures to deal with these gases to avoid their potential adverse impacts on employee health. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:04:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-552b22ba44e14bd9a2de254098853d39 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:04:05Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-552b22ba44e14bd9a2de254098853d392023-11-20T04:14:05ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2020-06-0111659710.3390/mi11060597Wireless E-Nose Sensors to Detect Volatile Organic Gases through Multivariate AnalysisSaifur Rahman0Abdullah S. Alwadie1Muhammed Irfan2Rabia Nawaz3Mohsin Raza4Ehtasham Javed5Muhammad Awais6Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi ArabiaElectrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi ArabiaElectrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Physics, COMSATS University, Park Road, Chak Shahzad Islamabad 45550, PakistanDepartment of Computer and Information Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UKHelsinki Institute for Life Sciences, Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandEnergy and Environment Institute, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Hull, Hull 7RX, UKGas sensors are critical components when adhering to health safety and environmental policies in various manufacturing industries, such as the petroleum and oil industry; scent and makeup production; food and beverage manufacturing; chemical engineering; pollution monitoring. In recent times, gas sensors have been introduced to medical diagnostics, bioprocesses, and plant disease diagnosis processes. There could be an adverse impact on human health due to the mixture of various gases (e.g., acetone (A), ethanol (E), propane (P)) that vent out from industrial areas. Therefore, it is important to accurately detect and differentiate such gases. Towards this goal, this paper presents a novel electronic nose (e-nose) detection method to classify various explosive gases. To detect explosive gases, metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensors are used as reliable tools to detect such volatile gases. The data received from MOS sensors are processed through a multivariate analysis technique to classify different categories of gases. Multivariate analysis was done using three variants—differential, relative, and fractional analyses—in principal components analysis (PCA). The MOS sensors also have three different designs: loading design, notch design, and Bi design. The proposed MOS sensor-based e-nose accurately detects and classifies three different gases, which indicates the reliability and practicality of the developed system. The developed system enables discrimination of these gases from the mixture. Based on the results from the proposed system, authorities can take preventive measures to deal with these gases to avoid their potential adverse impacts on employee health.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/11/6/597gas sensorsprincipal components analysismultivariate analysismetal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensorselectronicdetection |
| spellingShingle | Saifur Rahman Abdullah S. Alwadie Muhammed Irfan Rabia Nawaz Mohsin Raza Ehtasham Javed Muhammad Awais Wireless E-Nose Sensors to Detect Volatile Organic Gases through Multivariate Analysis Micromachines gas sensors principal components analysis multivariate analysis metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensors electronic detection |
| title | Wireless E-Nose Sensors to Detect Volatile Organic Gases through Multivariate Analysis |
| title_full | Wireless E-Nose Sensors to Detect Volatile Organic Gases through Multivariate Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Wireless E-Nose Sensors to Detect Volatile Organic Gases through Multivariate Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Wireless E-Nose Sensors to Detect Volatile Organic Gases through Multivariate Analysis |
| title_short | Wireless E-Nose Sensors to Detect Volatile Organic Gases through Multivariate Analysis |
| title_sort | wireless e nose sensors to detect volatile organic gases through multivariate analysis |
| topic | gas sensors principal components analysis multivariate analysis metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensors electronic detection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/11/6/597 |
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