The Variance of Photophysical Properties of Tetraphenylethene and Its Derivatives during Their Transitions from Dissolved States to Solid States
The study of aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) shows promising perspectives explored in lighting, optical sensors, and biological therapies. Due to their unique feature of intense emissions in aggregated solid states, it smoothly circumvents the weaknesses in fluorescent dyes, which...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/14/2880 |
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| author | Ming Fang Wenjuan Wei Ruoxin Li Liucheng Mao Yuanheng Wang Yan Guan Qiang Chen Zhigang Shuai Yen Wei |
| author_facet | Ming Fang Wenjuan Wei Ruoxin Li Liucheng Mao Yuanheng Wang Yan Guan Qiang Chen Zhigang Shuai Yen Wei |
| author_sort | Ming Fang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The study of aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) shows promising perspectives explored in lighting, optical sensors, and biological therapies. Due to their unique feature of intense emissions in aggregated solid states, it smoothly circumvents the weaknesses in fluorescent dyes, which include aggregation-caused quenching of emission and poor photobleaching character. However, our present knowledge of the AIE phenomena still cannot comprehensively explain the mechanism behind the substantially enhanced emission in their aggregated solid states. Herein, to systematically study the mechanism, the typical AIEgens tetraphenylethene (TPE) was chosen, to elucidate its photophysical properties, the TPE in THF/H<sub>2</sub>O binary solvents, TPE in THF solvents depending on concentration, and the following direct conversion from a dissolved state to a precipitated solid state were analyzed. Moreover, the TPE derivatives were also investigated to supply more evidence to better decipher the generally optical behaviors of TPE and its derivatives. For instance, the TPE derivative was homogeneously dispersed into tetraethyl orthosilicate to monitor the variance of photophysical properties during sol–gel processing. Consequently, TPE and its derivatives are hypothesized to abide by the anti-Kasha rule in dissolved states. In addition, the factors primarily influencing the nonlinear emission shifting of TPE and its derivatives are also discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:02:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-552c3840cbf249d794023a52e895f27f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:02:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-552c3840cbf249d794023a52e895f27f2023-12-03T12:07:57ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602022-07-011414288010.3390/polym14142880The Variance of Photophysical Properties of Tetraphenylethene and Its Derivatives during Their Transitions from Dissolved States to Solid StatesMing Fang0Wenjuan Wei1Ruoxin Li2Liucheng Mao3Yuanheng Wang4Yan Guan5Qiang Chen6Zhigang Shuai7Yen Wei8Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaKey Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaKey Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaKey Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaMOE Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaAnalytical Instrumentation Center of Peking University, Center for Physicochemical Analysis and Measurement in ICCAS, Beijing 100871, ChinaLaboratory of Plasma Physics and Materials, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, ChinaMOE Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaKey Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, ChinaThe study of aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) shows promising perspectives explored in lighting, optical sensors, and biological therapies. Due to their unique feature of intense emissions in aggregated solid states, it smoothly circumvents the weaknesses in fluorescent dyes, which include aggregation-caused quenching of emission and poor photobleaching character. However, our present knowledge of the AIE phenomena still cannot comprehensively explain the mechanism behind the substantially enhanced emission in their aggregated solid states. Herein, to systematically study the mechanism, the typical AIEgens tetraphenylethene (TPE) was chosen, to elucidate its photophysical properties, the TPE in THF/H<sub>2</sub>O binary solvents, TPE in THF solvents depending on concentration, and the following direct conversion from a dissolved state to a precipitated solid state were analyzed. Moreover, the TPE derivatives were also investigated to supply more evidence to better decipher the generally optical behaviors of TPE and its derivatives. For instance, the TPE derivative was homogeneously dispersed into tetraethyl orthosilicate to monitor the variance of photophysical properties during sol–gel processing. Consequently, TPE and its derivatives are hypothesized to abide by the anti-Kasha rule in dissolved states. In addition, the factors primarily influencing the nonlinear emission shifting of TPE and its derivatives are also discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/14/2880aggregation-induced emissionsol–gel synthesistetraphenyletheneemission mechanism |
| spellingShingle | Ming Fang Wenjuan Wei Ruoxin Li Liucheng Mao Yuanheng Wang Yan Guan Qiang Chen Zhigang Shuai Yen Wei The Variance of Photophysical Properties of Tetraphenylethene and Its Derivatives during Their Transitions from Dissolved States to Solid States Polymers aggregation-induced emission sol–gel synthesis tetraphenylethene emission mechanism |
| title | The Variance of Photophysical Properties of Tetraphenylethene and Its Derivatives during Their Transitions from Dissolved States to Solid States |
| title_full | The Variance of Photophysical Properties of Tetraphenylethene and Its Derivatives during Their Transitions from Dissolved States to Solid States |
| title_fullStr | The Variance of Photophysical Properties of Tetraphenylethene and Its Derivatives during Their Transitions from Dissolved States to Solid States |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Variance of Photophysical Properties of Tetraphenylethene and Its Derivatives during Their Transitions from Dissolved States to Solid States |
| title_short | The Variance of Photophysical Properties of Tetraphenylethene and Its Derivatives during Their Transitions from Dissolved States to Solid States |
| title_sort | variance of photophysical properties of tetraphenylethene and its derivatives during their transitions from dissolved states to solid states |
| topic | aggregation-induced emission sol–gel synthesis tetraphenylethene emission mechanism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/14/2880 |
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