A Comparative Study of the Antibacterial Effect of Three Ethnomedical Plants (Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdalina and Cymbopogon citratus) on Certain Clinical Isolates

Background and Aim: Ethnomedicinal plants are used by indigenous populations all over the world as remedies for various maladies. The present study aimed at evaluating the antibacterial susceptibility of the leaves of Cymbopogon citrates, Vernonia amygdalina and Ocimum gratissimum against Pseudomona...

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Main Authors: Obhioze Augustine Akpoka *, Maureen U. Okwu, Odaro Stanley Imade, Spencer C. O. Nwangwu, Erifeta Georgina Omonegho, Christabel Uti
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Lorestan University of Medical Sciences 2019-10-01
Series:Herbal Medicines Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:http://hmj.lums.ac.ir/index.php/hmj/article/view/751
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author Obhioze Augustine Akpoka *
Maureen U. Okwu
Odaro Stanley Imade
Spencer C. O. Nwangwu
Erifeta Georgina Omonegho
Christabel Uti
author_facet Obhioze Augustine Akpoka *
Maureen U. Okwu
Odaro Stanley Imade
Spencer C. O. Nwangwu
Erifeta Georgina Omonegho
Christabel Uti
author_sort Obhioze Augustine Akpoka *
collection DOAJ
description Background and Aim: Ethnomedicinal plants are used by indigenous populations all over the world as remedies for various maladies. The present study aimed at evaluating the antibacterial susceptibility of the leaves of Cymbopogon citrates, Vernonia amygdalina and Ocimum gratissimum against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Materials and Methods: Active agents in the leaves were extracted with methanol using the Soxhlet extraction technique. The extracts were then tested for antibacterial activity using the agar well diffusion method. MIC was determined by the tube dilution technique. Results: The results revealed that the methanolic extract of C. citrates had the best mean zones of inhibition against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, E. coli and methicillin-resistant S. aureus. The mean zones of the inhibition of C. citrates against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, E. coli and methicillin-resistant S. aureus were 11.5 ± 1.5 mm (31.25 mg/ml), 11.5 ± 0.5 mm (125 mg/ml), 12.0 ± 1.0 (125 mg/ml) and 12.0 ± 1.0 (500 mg/ml) respectively. The activities of the extracts in relation to the activity of gentamycin (positive control) and DMSO (negative control) were also determined. The methanolic extract of C. citrates had the highest activity (38 %) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 31.25 mg/ml and S. aureus (54%) at 250 mg/ml and (52%) against MRSA at 500 mg/ml. V. amygdalin showed the highest activity (35%) against E. coli at 125 mg/ml. The therapeutic efficacy was also determined using the breakpoint of 10 µg gentamycin (the positive control). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that C. citrates, V. amygdalina and O. gratissimum could be explored by pharmaceutical companies as raw materials for the synthesis of new antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial infections, particularly as a cocktail.
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spelling doaj.art-5533b924a30a45d0a7726f70ed8b719f2022-12-22T00:49:44ZengLorestan University of Medical SciencesHerbal Medicines Journal2538-21442538-21442019-10-014210.22087/herb med j.v4i2.751561A Comparative Study of the Antibacterial Effect of Three Ethnomedical Plants (Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdalina and Cymbopogon citratus) on Certain Clinical IsolatesObhioze Augustine Akpoka *0Maureen U. Okwu1Odaro Stanley Imade2Spencer C. O. Nwangwu3Erifeta Georgina Omonegho4Christabel Uti5Department of Biological Science, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Igbinedion University, Okada, NigeriaDepartment of Biological Science, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Igbinedion University, Okada, NigeriaDepartment of Biological Science, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Igbinedion University, Okada, NigeriaDepartment of Biochemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Igbinedion University, Okada, NigeriaDepartment of Biochemistry, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Igbinedion University, Okada, NigeriaDepartment of Biological Science, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Igbinedion University, Okada, NigeriaBackground and Aim: Ethnomedicinal plants are used by indigenous populations all over the world as remedies for various maladies. The present study aimed at evaluating the antibacterial susceptibility of the leaves of Cymbopogon citrates, Vernonia amygdalina and Ocimum gratissimum against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Materials and Methods: Active agents in the leaves were extracted with methanol using the Soxhlet extraction technique. The extracts were then tested for antibacterial activity using the agar well diffusion method. MIC was determined by the tube dilution technique. Results: The results revealed that the methanolic extract of C. citrates had the best mean zones of inhibition against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, E. coli and methicillin-resistant S. aureus. The mean zones of the inhibition of C. citrates against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, E. coli and methicillin-resistant S. aureus were 11.5 ± 1.5 mm (31.25 mg/ml), 11.5 ± 0.5 mm (125 mg/ml), 12.0 ± 1.0 (125 mg/ml) and 12.0 ± 1.0 (500 mg/ml) respectively. The activities of the extracts in relation to the activity of gentamycin (positive control) and DMSO (negative control) were also determined. The methanolic extract of C. citrates had the highest activity (38 %) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 31.25 mg/ml and S. aureus (54%) at 250 mg/ml and (52%) against MRSA at 500 mg/ml. V. amygdalin showed the highest activity (35%) against E. coli at 125 mg/ml. The therapeutic efficacy was also determined using the breakpoint of 10 µg gentamycin (the positive control). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that C. citrates, V. amygdalina and O. gratissimum could be explored by pharmaceutical companies as raw materials for the synthesis of new antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial infections, particularly as a cocktail.http://hmj.lums.ac.ir/index.php/hmj/article/view/751ethnomedical plants, therapeutic efficacy, ocimum gratissimum, vernonia amygdalina and cymbopogon citratus
spellingShingle Obhioze Augustine Akpoka *
Maureen U. Okwu
Odaro Stanley Imade
Spencer C. O. Nwangwu
Erifeta Georgina Omonegho
Christabel Uti
A Comparative Study of the Antibacterial Effect of Three Ethnomedical Plants (Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdalina and Cymbopogon citratus) on Certain Clinical Isolates
Herbal Medicines Journal
ethnomedical plants, therapeutic efficacy, ocimum gratissimum, vernonia amygdalina and cymbopogon citratus
title A Comparative Study of the Antibacterial Effect of Three Ethnomedical Plants (Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdalina and Cymbopogon citratus) on Certain Clinical Isolates
title_full A Comparative Study of the Antibacterial Effect of Three Ethnomedical Plants (Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdalina and Cymbopogon citratus) on Certain Clinical Isolates
title_fullStr A Comparative Study of the Antibacterial Effect of Three Ethnomedical Plants (Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdalina and Cymbopogon citratus) on Certain Clinical Isolates
title_full_unstemmed A Comparative Study of the Antibacterial Effect of Three Ethnomedical Plants (Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdalina and Cymbopogon citratus) on Certain Clinical Isolates
title_short A Comparative Study of the Antibacterial Effect of Three Ethnomedical Plants (Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdalina and Cymbopogon citratus) on Certain Clinical Isolates
title_sort comparative study of the antibacterial effect of three ethnomedical plants ocimum gratissimum vernonia amygdalina and cymbopogon citratus on certain clinical isolates
topic ethnomedical plants, therapeutic efficacy, ocimum gratissimum, vernonia amygdalina and cymbopogon citratus
url http://hmj.lums.ac.ir/index.php/hmj/article/view/751
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