Precision Oncology in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumors) represent 20% of sarcomatous tumors and 1–2% of primary gastrointestinal cancers. They have an excellent prognosis when localized and resectable, though their prognosis is poor in the metastatic setting, with limited options after the second line until recently...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Current Oncology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/30/5/351 |
| _version_ | 1827741617963925504 |
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| author | Hiba Mechahougui Montemurro Michael Alex Friedlaender |
| author_facet | Hiba Mechahougui Montemurro Michael Alex Friedlaender |
| author_sort | Hiba Mechahougui |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumors) represent 20% of sarcomatous tumors and 1–2% of primary gastrointestinal cancers. They have an excellent prognosis when localized and resectable, though their prognosis is poor in the metastatic setting, with limited options after the second line until recently. Four lines are now standard in KIT-mutated GIST and one in PDGFRA-mutated GIST. An exponential growth of new treatments is expected in this era of molecular diagnostic techniques and systematic sequencing. Currently, the main challenge remains the emergence of resistance linked to secondary mutations caused by selective pressure induced by TKIs. Repeating biopsies to tailor treatments might be a step in the right direction, and liquid biopsies at progression may offer a non-invasive alternative. New molecules with wider KIT inhibition are under investigation and could change the catalog and the sequence of existing treatments. Combination therapies may also be an approach to overcome current resistance mechanisms. Here, we review the current epidemiology and biology of GIST and discuss future management options, with an emphasis on genome-oriented therapies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:49:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-55666486f5de473faeb097c0802cc17b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1198-0052 1718-7729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:49:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Current Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-55666486f5de473faeb097c0802cc17b2023-11-18T01:01:29ZengMDPI AGCurrent Oncology1198-00521718-77292023-04-013054648466210.3390/curroncol30050351Precision Oncology in Gastrointestinal Stromal TumorsHiba Mechahougui0Montemurro Michael1Alex Friedlaender2Oncology Department, Geneva University Hospital, 1205 Geneva, SwitzerlandGenolier Cancer Center, 1272 Genolier, SwitzerlandOncology Department, Geneva University Hospital, 1205 Geneva, SwitzerlandGIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumors) represent 20% of sarcomatous tumors and 1–2% of primary gastrointestinal cancers. They have an excellent prognosis when localized and resectable, though their prognosis is poor in the metastatic setting, with limited options after the second line until recently. Four lines are now standard in KIT-mutated GIST and one in PDGFRA-mutated GIST. An exponential growth of new treatments is expected in this era of molecular diagnostic techniques and systematic sequencing. Currently, the main challenge remains the emergence of resistance linked to secondary mutations caused by selective pressure induced by TKIs. Repeating biopsies to tailor treatments might be a step in the right direction, and liquid biopsies at progression may offer a non-invasive alternative. New molecules with wider KIT inhibition are under investigation and could change the catalog and the sequence of existing treatments. Combination therapies may also be an approach to overcome current resistance mechanisms. Here, we review the current epidemiology and biology of GIST and discuss future management options, with an emphasis on genome-oriented therapies.https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/30/5/351gastrointestinal stromal tumormetastatic GISTprecision oncologytyrosine kinase inhibitorsimatinibKIT |
| spellingShingle | Hiba Mechahougui Montemurro Michael Alex Friedlaender Precision Oncology in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Current Oncology gastrointestinal stromal tumor metastatic GIST precision oncology tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib KIT |
| title | Precision Oncology in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors |
| title_full | Precision Oncology in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors |
| title_fullStr | Precision Oncology in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Precision Oncology in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors |
| title_short | Precision Oncology in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors |
| title_sort | precision oncology in gastrointestinal stromal tumors |
| topic | gastrointestinal stromal tumor metastatic GIST precision oncology tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib KIT |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/30/5/351 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hibamechahougui precisiononcologyingastrointestinalstromaltumors AT montemurromichael precisiononcologyingastrointestinalstromaltumors AT alexfriedlaender precisiononcologyingastrointestinalstromaltumors |