RADIATION USE EFFICIENCY AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE PEANUT CROP EFICIÊNCIA DE USO DA RADIAÇÃO E PROPRIEDADES ÓTICAS DA CULTURA DO AMENDOIM

<!-- @page { margin: 2cm } P { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } --> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="color: #231f20;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"&...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Marco Aurélio Carbone Carneiro, João Francisco Escobedo, Hideu Ferreira de Assunção
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Universidade Federal de Goiás 2008-09-01
Series:Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.revistas.ufg.br/index.php/pat/article/view/3307
Description
Summary:&lt;!-- @page { margin: 2cm } P { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } --&gt; &lt;p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;" align="JUSTIFY"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #231f20;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;An experiment was conducted with peanut (&lt;em&gt;Arachis hypogaea &lt;/em&gt;L.), cv. IAC-TATU-ST, in Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil; in the period from 11 February through 03 June 2001. In all plant development stages, the photosynthetically active radiation (&lt;em&gt;PAR&lt;/em&gt;), the incident &lt;em&gt;PAR&lt;/em&gt;, the reflected &lt;em&gt;PAR&lt;/em&gt;, and the transmitted PAR were monitored, as well as the growth and the weekly phytomass production and the accumulated chemical energy in the roots, stems, leaves, fruits and seeds. The objective of the study was to determine the radiation extinction coefficient (&lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt;), the radiation use efficiency (&lt;em&gt;RUE&lt;/em&gt;), the radiation conversion efficiency (&lt;em&gt;RCE&lt;/em&gt;), and the crop harvest index (&lt;em&gt;HI&lt;/em&gt;). The results showed that &lt;em&gt;k &lt;/em&gt;has been equal to 0.66. Peanuts, at the final stage, intercepted 628 MJ m-² and absorbed 592 MJ m-² of the &lt;em&gt;PAR&lt;/em&gt;, accumulating 803 g m-² of dry matter and storing 14.8 MJ m-² of chemical energy with &lt;em&gt;RUE &lt;/em&gt;equal to 1.28 g MJ-¹ and RCE equal to 2.5%. The observed yield was 4.4 t ha-¹ of peanut in pods, corresponding to 3.3 t ha-¹ of peanut seeds. The &lt;em&gt;HI &lt;/em&gt;was equal to 0.58 MJ MJ-¹, in energy basis, and 0.41 g g-¹ in dry matter basis. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;" align="JUSTIFY"&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;" align="JUSTIFY"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #231f20;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: small;"&gt;KEY-WORDS: Growth analysis; leaf area index; light interception.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;<br>&lt;!-- @page { margin: 2cm } P { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } --&gt; &lt;p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;" align="JUSTIFY"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #231f20;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;Um ensaio com amendoim (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Arachis hypogaea &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;L.), cv. IAC-Tatu-ST, foi conduzido em Botucatu, SP, durante o período de 11 de fevereiro a 03 de junho de 2001. Em todas as fases de crescimento das plantas, foram monitoradas a radiação fotossinteticamente ativa (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;em&gt;PAR&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;) incidente, refletida e transmitida, bem como o crescimento e a produção semanal da fitomassa, além da energia química acumulada nas raízes, hastes, folhas, frutos e sementes. O objetivo foi determinar o coeficiente de extinção da luz (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;), a eficiência de uso da radiação (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;em&gt;RUE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;), a eficiência de conversão da radiação (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;em&gt;RCE&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;) e o Índice de colheita (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;em&gt;HI&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;) da cultura. Os resultados mostraram que o coeficiente de extinção da luz da cultura do amendoim é de 0,66. No final do ciclo, a cultura interceptou 628 MJ m-² e absorveu 592 MJ m-² de &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;em&gt;PAR&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;. Nesta fase, a cultura acumulou 803 g m-² de massa seca, em fitomassa, e armazenou 14,8 MJ m-² de energia química. Assim, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;em&gt;RUE &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;atingiu um valor de 1,28 g MJ-¹ e &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;em&gt;RCE, &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;o de 2,5%. A produtividade obtida foi de 4,4 t ha-¹ de amendoim em casca, equivalendo a 3,3 t ha-¹ de grãos. O índice de colheita (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;&lt;em&gt;HI&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;) alcançado pela cultura é de 0,58 MJ MJ-1, em base de energia, e 0,41 g g-¹, em base de massa seca. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;" align="JUSTIFY"&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #231f20;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Análise de crescimento; índice de área foliar; interceptação da luz.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
ISSN:1983-4063