Beyond the Patient’s Report: Self-Reported, Subjective, Objective and Estimated Walking Disability in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease
Among patients with peripheral artery disease, an altered estimation of walking ability reported to the physician may influence the choice of treatment. We compared claudication distance (CD) values reported by patients or assessed by validated protocols to elaborate a formula capable of estimating...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/11/1991 |
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| author | Nicola Lamberti Lorenzo Caruso Giovanni Piva Luca Traina Valentina Ficarra Paolo Zamboni Vincenzo Gasbarro Fabio Manfredini |
| author_facet | Nicola Lamberti Lorenzo Caruso Giovanni Piva Luca Traina Valentina Ficarra Paolo Zamboni Vincenzo Gasbarro Fabio Manfredini |
| author_sort | Nicola Lamberti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Among patients with peripheral artery disease, an altered estimation of walking ability reported to the physician may influence the choice of treatment. We compared claudication distance (CD) values reported by patients or assessed by validated protocols to elaborate a formula capable of estimating more reliable values. Three hundred fifty-nine patients with claudication were measured at the time of entry into a rehabilitation program. Walking performance was obtained by patients’ reports (self-reported claudication distance, SR-CD) and was directly assessed to determine the claudication and maximal walking distance by the 6-min test (6-CD and 6-MWD) and an incremental treadmill test (T-CD and T-MWD). The degree of muscle deoxygenation was objectively determined at the calf by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during the treadmill test. Among the 289 subjects analyzed, SR-CD exceeded both 6-CD and T-CD (+155 and +182 m, respectively). SR-CD was moderately correlated with T-CD (r = 0.30), 6-CD (r = 0.32), and 6-MWD (r = 0.29) but not with muscle deoxygenation per meter walked, unlike T-CD and 6-CD. A formula adjusted for the presence of diabetes reduced patient overestimation by 92%. The patient’s reported claudication distance was generally overestimated compared to objective measures, and it was made more reliable through a corrective factor for easy use in a clinical setting. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:34:23Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:34:23Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-5574038e18d34ab681b988bee8f8814b2023-11-22T23:00:45ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182021-10-011111199110.3390/diagnostics11111991Beyond the Patient’s Report: Self-Reported, Subjective, Objective and Estimated Walking Disability in Patients with Peripheral Artery DiseaseNicola Lamberti0Lorenzo Caruso1Giovanni Piva2Luca Traina3Valentina Ficarra4Paolo Zamboni5Vincenzo Gasbarro6Fabio Manfredini7Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyPhD Program in Environmental Sustainability and Wellbeing, University of Ferrara, Via Paradiso 12, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyUnit of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, ItalyUnit of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, ItalyVascular Diseases Center, Department of Translational Medicine for Romagna, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyUnit of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, ItalyAmong patients with peripheral artery disease, an altered estimation of walking ability reported to the physician may influence the choice of treatment. We compared claudication distance (CD) values reported by patients or assessed by validated protocols to elaborate a formula capable of estimating more reliable values. Three hundred fifty-nine patients with claudication were measured at the time of entry into a rehabilitation program. Walking performance was obtained by patients’ reports (self-reported claudication distance, SR-CD) and was directly assessed to determine the claudication and maximal walking distance by the 6-min test (6-CD and 6-MWD) and an incremental treadmill test (T-CD and T-MWD). The degree of muscle deoxygenation was objectively determined at the calf by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during the treadmill test. Among the 289 subjects analyzed, SR-CD exceeded both 6-CD and T-CD (+155 and +182 m, respectively). SR-CD was moderately correlated with T-CD (r = 0.30), 6-CD (r = 0.32), and 6-MWD (r = 0.29) but not with muscle deoxygenation per meter walked, unlike T-CD and 6-CD. A formula adjusted for the presence of diabetes reduced patient overestimation by 92%. The patient’s reported claudication distance was generally overestimated compared to objective measures, and it was made more reliable through a corrective factor for easy use in a clinical setting.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/11/1991peripheral artery diseaseexercise testingclaudicationreliabilitydiabetes |
| spellingShingle | Nicola Lamberti Lorenzo Caruso Giovanni Piva Luca Traina Valentina Ficarra Paolo Zamboni Vincenzo Gasbarro Fabio Manfredini Beyond the Patient’s Report: Self-Reported, Subjective, Objective and Estimated Walking Disability in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease Diagnostics peripheral artery disease exercise testing claudication reliability diabetes |
| title | Beyond the Patient’s Report: Self-Reported, Subjective, Objective and Estimated Walking Disability in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease |
| title_full | Beyond the Patient’s Report: Self-Reported, Subjective, Objective and Estimated Walking Disability in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease |
| title_fullStr | Beyond the Patient’s Report: Self-Reported, Subjective, Objective and Estimated Walking Disability in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Beyond the Patient’s Report: Self-Reported, Subjective, Objective and Estimated Walking Disability in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease |
| title_short | Beyond the Patient’s Report: Self-Reported, Subjective, Objective and Estimated Walking Disability in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease |
| title_sort | beyond the patient s report self reported subjective objective and estimated walking disability in patients with peripheral artery disease |
| topic | peripheral artery disease exercise testing claudication reliability diabetes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/11/1991 |
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