An Impedance Readout IC with Ratio-Based Measurement Techniques for Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
This paper presents an error-tolerant and power-efficient impedance measurement scheme for bioimpedance acquisition. The proposed architecture measures the magnitude and the real part of the target complex impedance, unlike other impedance measurement architectures measuring either the real/imaginar...
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/4/1563 |
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| author | Song-I Cheon Soon-Jae Kweon Youngin Kim Jimin Koo Sohmyung Ha Minkyu Je |
| author_facet | Song-I Cheon Soon-Jae Kweon Youngin Kim Jimin Koo Sohmyung Ha Minkyu Je |
| author_sort | Song-I Cheon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper presents an error-tolerant and power-efficient impedance measurement scheme for bioimpedance acquisition. The proposed architecture measures the magnitude and the real part of the target complex impedance, unlike other impedance measurement architectures measuring either the real/imaginary components or the magnitude and phase. The phase information of the target impedance is obtained by using the ratio between the magnitude and the real components. This can allow for avoiding direct phase measurements, which require fast, power-hungry circuit blocks. A reference resistor is connected in series with the target impedance to compensate for the errors caused by the delay in the sinusoidal signal generator and the amplifier at the front. Moreover, an additional magnitude measurement path is connected to the reference resistor to cancel out the nonlinearity of the proposed system and enhance the settling speed of the low-pass filter by a ratio-based detection. Thanks to this ratio-based detection, the accuracy is enhanced by 30%, and the settling time is improved by 87.7% compared to the conventional single-path detection. The proposed integrated circuit consumes only 513 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">μ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>W for a wide frequency range of 10 Hz to 1 MHz, with the maximum magnitude and phase errors of 0.3% and 2.1<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mo>°</mo></semantics></math></inline-formula>, respectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:06:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5576876cd69d4cdfba861c83b9737b0c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:06:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-5576876cd69d4cdfba861c83b9737b0c2023-11-23T22:01:43ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-02-01224156310.3390/s22041563An Impedance Readout IC with Ratio-Based Measurement Techniques for Electrical Impedance SpectroscopySong-I Cheon0Soon-Jae Kweon1Youngin Kim2Jimin Koo3Sohmyung Ha4Minkyu Je5School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, KoreaDivision of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab EmiratesSchool of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, KoreaSchool of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, KoreaDivision of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab EmiratesSchool of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, KoreaThis paper presents an error-tolerant and power-efficient impedance measurement scheme for bioimpedance acquisition. The proposed architecture measures the magnitude and the real part of the target complex impedance, unlike other impedance measurement architectures measuring either the real/imaginary components or the magnitude and phase. The phase information of the target impedance is obtained by using the ratio between the magnitude and the real components. This can allow for avoiding direct phase measurements, which require fast, power-hungry circuit blocks. A reference resistor is connected in series with the target impedance to compensate for the errors caused by the delay in the sinusoidal signal generator and the amplifier at the front. Moreover, an additional magnitude measurement path is connected to the reference resistor to cancel out the nonlinearity of the proposed system and enhance the settling speed of the low-pass filter by a ratio-based detection. Thanks to this ratio-based detection, the accuracy is enhanced by 30%, and the settling time is improved by 87.7% compared to the conventional single-path detection. The proposed integrated circuit consumes only 513 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">μ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>W for a wide frequency range of 10 Hz to 1 MHz, with the maximum magnitude and phase errors of 0.3% and 2.1<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mo>°</mo></semantics></math></inline-formula>, respectively.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/4/1563electrical impedance spectroscopybioimpedancereal/magnitude measurementdemodulatorratio-based detectionlow-complexity design |
| spellingShingle | Song-I Cheon Soon-Jae Kweon Youngin Kim Jimin Koo Sohmyung Ha Minkyu Je An Impedance Readout IC with Ratio-Based Measurement Techniques for Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy Sensors electrical impedance spectroscopy bioimpedance real/magnitude measurement demodulator ratio-based detection low-complexity design |
| title | An Impedance Readout IC with Ratio-Based Measurement Techniques for Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy |
| title_full | An Impedance Readout IC with Ratio-Based Measurement Techniques for Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy |
| title_fullStr | An Impedance Readout IC with Ratio-Based Measurement Techniques for Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Impedance Readout IC with Ratio-Based Measurement Techniques for Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy |
| title_short | An Impedance Readout IC with Ratio-Based Measurement Techniques for Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy |
| title_sort | impedance readout ic with ratio based measurement techniques for electrical impedance spectroscopy |
| topic | electrical impedance spectroscopy bioimpedance real/magnitude measurement demodulator ratio-based detection low-complexity design |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/4/1563 |
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