Qualitative Dynamics of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Changjiang Estuary from Geostationary Ocean Color Images: An Empirical, Regional Modeling Approach
The suspended particulate matter (SPM) in Changjiang Estuary is characterized by a high concentration of significant diurnal dynamics. With a higher temporal resolution (eight images obtained per day), Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) was selected as the primary remote sensor for the dynamics...
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MDPI AG
2018-11-01
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Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/12/4186 |
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author | Dinghui Shang Huiping Xu |
author_facet | Dinghui Shang Huiping Xu |
author_sort | Dinghui Shang |
collection | DOAJ |
description | The suspended particulate matter (SPM) in Changjiang Estuary is characterized by a high concentration of significant diurnal dynamics. With a higher temporal resolution (eight images obtained per day), Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) was selected as the primary remote sensor for the dynamics monitoring in this paper, instead of other satellite sensor working in polar orbit. Based on the characteristics of the field spectra measured in the estuary, an empirical model was established with the band ratio of R<sub>rs</sub>745 divided by R<sub>rs</sub>490 and proven effective in Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) estimation (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9376, RMSE = 89.32 mg/L). While, Validation results showed that the model performed better in coastal turbid waters than offshore clear waters with higher chlorophyll-a concentration, stressing the importance of partitioning SPM into its major components and doing separate analysis. The hourly observations from GOCI showed that the diurnal variation magnitudes exhibited clear regional characteristics, with a maximum in the turbidity belt near the mouth and a minimum in the offshore deeper areas. In addition, comparing the monthly averaged SPM distribution with the amount of sediment discharged into the estuary, the variation in estuarine turbidity maximum zone is more likely contributed by the sediments resuspended from the sea bed that has already accumulated in the estuarine delta. |
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spelling | doaj.art-5585f6eec9794593a073ffcd9d284d402022-12-22T04:23:40ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202018-11-011812418610.3390/s18124186s18124186Qualitative Dynamics of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Changjiang Estuary from Geostationary Ocean Color Images: An Empirical, Regional Modeling ApproachDinghui Shang0Huiping Xu1School of Ocean and Earth Science, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinaInstitute of Deep-sea and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Sanya 572000, ChinaThe suspended particulate matter (SPM) in Changjiang Estuary is characterized by a high concentration of significant diurnal dynamics. With a higher temporal resolution (eight images obtained per day), Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) was selected as the primary remote sensor for the dynamics monitoring in this paper, instead of other satellite sensor working in polar orbit. Based on the characteristics of the field spectra measured in the estuary, an empirical model was established with the band ratio of R<sub>rs</sub>745 divided by R<sub>rs</sub>490 and proven effective in Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) estimation (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9376, RMSE = 89.32 mg/L). While, Validation results showed that the model performed better in coastal turbid waters than offshore clear waters with higher chlorophyll-a concentration, stressing the importance of partitioning SPM into its major components and doing separate analysis. The hourly observations from GOCI showed that the diurnal variation magnitudes exhibited clear regional characteristics, with a maximum in the turbidity belt near the mouth and a minimum in the offshore deeper areas. In addition, comparing the monthly averaged SPM distribution with the amount of sediment discharged into the estuary, the variation in estuarine turbidity maximum zone is more likely contributed by the sediments resuspended from the sea bed that has already accumulated in the estuarine delta.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/12/4186suspended particulate matterthe Changjiang EstuaryGOCIspatial-temporal variability |
spellingShingle | Dinghui Shang Huiping Xu Qualitative Dynamics of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Changjiang Estuary from Geostationary Ocean Color Images: An Empirical, Regional Modeling Approach Sensors suspended particulate matter the Changjiang Estuary GOCI spatial-temporal variability |
title | Qualitative Dynamics of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Changjiang Estuary from Geostationary Ocean Color Images: An Empirical, Regional Modeling Approach |
title_full | Qualitative Dynamics of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Changjiang Estuary from Geostationary Ocean Color Images: An Empirical, Regional Modeling Approach |
title_fullStr | Qualitative Dynamics of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Changjiang Estuary from Geostationary Ocean Color Images: An Empirical, Regional Modeling Approach |
title_full_unstemmed | Qualitative Dynamics of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Changjiang Estuary from Geostationary Ocean Color Images: An Empirical, Regional Modeling Approach |
title_short | Qualitative Dynamics of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Changjiang Estuary from Geostationary Ocean Color Images: An Empirical, Regional Modeling Approach |
title_sort | qualitative dynamics of suspended particulate matter in the changjiang estuary from geostationary ocean color images an empirical regional modeling approach |
topic | suspended particulate matter the Changjiang Estuary GOCI spatial-temporal variability |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/12/4186 |
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