Retrospective analysis of post-mortem findings in domestic ducks and geese from non-commercial flocks in Sweden, 2011–2020
Abstract Background Small poultry flock ownership has become a popular hobby in Europe and North America in recent years but there is a general lack of information regarding bird health and welfare. This retrospective analysis of routine post-mortem cases of non-commercial anseriform poultry aimed a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-021-00614-x |
| _version_ | 1818851415816142848 |
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| author | Désirée Seger Jansson Faruk Otman Elisabeth Bagge Ylva Lindgren Pernille Engelsen Etterlin Helena Eriksson |
| author_facet | Désirée Seger Jansson Faruk Otman Elisabeth Bagge Ylva Lindgren Pernille Engelsen Etterlin Helena Eriksson |
| author_sort | Désirée Seger Jansson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Small poultry flock ownership has become a popular hobby in Europe and North America in recent years but there is a general lack of information regarding bird health and welfare. This retrospective analysis of routine post-mortem cases of non-commercial anseriform poultry aimed at providing information on causes of mortality mostly in relation to mortality events. For this purpose, birds that were submitted for routine post-mortem diagnostics to the National Veterinary Institute (SVA) in Sweden in 2011–2020 were retrospectively reviewed to determine main causes of mortality. Results Records from 79 necropsy submissions involving 120 birds (domestic ducks n = 41, Muscovy ducks n = 45, hybrid ducks n = 2 and domestic geese n = 32) were retrieved and analysed. Most submissions (72.2%) represented flock disease events and unexpected mortality was the most common cause of submission (70.9% of submissions). Twenty-two submissions (27.8%) were referred by veterinarians. There was a wide range of diagnoses of infectious and noninfectious aetiologies. Infectious causes of mortality included parasitic (19.2%), bacterial (13.3%), fungal (10.0%) and viral infections (3.3%) (at bird level of all 120 birds). Some of these infections such as duck virus enteritis (DVE), highly pathogenic influenza (HPAI H5N8) in Muscovy ducks and leucocytozoonosis (Leucocytozoon sp.) in all three species were most likely acquired from contact with wild free-living waterfowl. Generalised yeast infection (Muscovy duck disease) was diagnosed in Muscovy ducks and in a Muscovy duck/domestic duck hybrid. Other diseases were related to generalised noninfectious causes (27.5% of all birds) including diseases such as kidney disease, amyloidosis, cardiac dilatation, reproductive diseases and idiopathic inflammatory conditions. Nutritional or management-related diseases were diagnosed in 14.2% of all birds including rickets and gastrointestinal impaction/obstruction. Congenital/developmental, neoplastic, toxic and traumatic causes of mortality were rare. Conclusions The information obtained in this study can be used to identify and evaluate risks and help owners and veterinarians to prevent disease and provide adequate veterinary care for non-commercial anseriform poultry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T07:04:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-558e91c59ec74ee48251a7fb856957ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1751-0147 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T07:04:40Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica |
| spelling | doaj.art-558e91c59ec74ee48251a7fb856957ba2022-12-21T20:31:19ZengBMCActa Veterinaria Scandinavica1751-01472021-11-0163111410.1186/s13028-021-00614-xRetrospective analysis of post-mortem findings in domestic ducks and geese from non-commercial flocks in Sweden, 2011–2020Désirée Seger Jansson0Faruk Otman1Elisabeth Bagge2Ylva Lindgren3Pernille Engelsen Etterlin4Helena Eriksson5Department of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies, National Veterinary InstituteDepartment of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies, National Veterinary InstituteDepartment of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies, National Veterinary InstituteDepartment of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies, National Veterinary InstituteDepartment of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies, National Veterinary InstituteDepartment of Animal Health and Antimicrobial Strategies, National Veterinary InstituteAbstract Background Small poultry flock ownership has become a popular hobby in Europe and North America in recent years but there is a general lack of information regarding bird health and welfare. This retrospective analysis of routine post-mortem cases of non-commercial anseriform poultry aimed at providing information on causes of mortality mostly in relation to mortality events. For this purpose, birds that were submitted for routine post-mortem diagnostics to the National Veterinary Institute (SVA) in Sweden in 2011–2020 were retrospectively reviewed to determine main causes of mortality. Results Records from 79 necropsy submissions involving 120 birds (domestic ducks n = 41, Muscovy ducks n = 45, hybrid ducks n = 2 and domestic geese n = 32) were retrieved and analysed. Most submissions (72.2%) represented flock disease events and unexpected mortality was the most common cause of submission (70.9% of submissions). Twenty-two submissions (27.8%) were referred by veterinarians. There was a wide range of diagnoses of infectious and noninfectious aetiologies. Infectious causes of mortality included parasitic (19.2%), bacterial (13.3%), fungal (10.0%) and viral infections (3.3%) (at bird level of all 120 birds). Some of these infections such as duck virus enteritis (DVE), highly pathogenic influenza (HPAI H5N8) in Muscovy ducks and leucocytozoonosis (Leucocytozoon sp.) in all three species were most likely acquired from contact with wild free-living waterfowl. Generalised yeast infection (Muscovy duck disease) was diagnosed in Muscovy ducks and in a Muscovy duck/domestic duck hybrid. Other diseases were related to generalised noninfectious causes (27.5% of all birds) including diseases such as kidney disease, amyloidosis, cardiac dilatation, reproductive diseases and idiopathic inflammatory conditions. Nutritional or management-related diseases were diagnosed in 14.2% of all birds including rickets and gastrointestinal impaction/obstruction. Congenital/developmental, neoplastic, toxic and traumatic causes of mortality were rare. Conclusions The information obtained in this study can be used to identify and evaluate risks and help owners and veterinarians to prevent disease and provide adequate veterinary care for non-commercial anseriform poultry.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-021-00614-xDiagnosticsDomestic duckDomestic gooseHybrid duckMortalityMuscovy duck |
| spellingShingle | Désirée Seger Jansson Faruk Otman Elisabeth Bagge Ylva Lindgren Pernille Engelsen Etterlin Helena Eriksson Retrospective analysis of post-mortem findings in domestic ducks and geese from non-commercial flocks in Sweden, 2011–2020 Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica Diagnostics Domestic duck Domestic goose Hybrid duck Mortality Muscovy duck |
| title | Retrospective analysis of post-mortem findings in domestic ducks and geese from non-commercial flocks in Sweden, 2011–2020 |
| title_full | Retrospective analysis of post-mortem findings in domestic ducks and geese from non-commercial flocks in Sweden, 2011–2020 |
| title_fullStr | Retrospective analysis of post-mortem findings in domestic ducks and geese from non-commercial flocks in Sweden, 2011–2020 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Retrospective analysis of post-mortem findings in domestic ducks and geese from non-commercial flocks in Sweden, 2011–2020 |
| title_short | Retrospective analysis of post-mortem findings in domestic ducks and geese from non-commercial flocks in Sweden, 2011–2020 |
| title_sort | retrospective analysis of post mortem findings in domestic ducks and geese from non commercial flocks in sweden 2011 2020 |
| topic | Diagnostics Domestic duck Domestic goose Hybrid duck Mortality Muscovy duck |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-021-00614-x |
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