Scaling Ethereum 2.0s Cross-Shard Transactions with Refined Data Structures
(1) Background: To solve the blockchain scaling issue, sharding has been proposed; however, this approach has its own scaling issue: the cross-shard communication method. To resolve the cross-shard communication scaling issue, rollups have been proposed and are being investigated. However, they also...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Cryptography |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-387X/6/4/57 |
| _version_ | 1797460731651686400 |
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| author | Alexander Kudzin Kentaroh Toyoda Satoshi Takayama Atsushi Ishigame |
| author_facet | Alexander Kudzin Kentaroh Toyoda Satoshi Takayama Atsushi Ishigame |
| author_sort | Alexander Kudzin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: To solve the blockchain scaling issue, sharding has been proposed; however, this approach has its own scaling issue: the cross-shard communication method. To resolve the cross-shard communication scaling issue, rollups have been proposed and are being investigated. However, they also have their own scaling limitations, in particular, the degree of compression they can apply to transactions (TXs) affecting how many TXs can be included in one block. (2) Methods: In this paper, we propose a series of novel data structures for the compiling of cross-shard TXs sent using rollups for both public and private Ethereum. Our proposal removes redundant fields, consolidates repeated fields, and compresses any remaining fields in the rollup, modifying its data structure to compress the address, gas, and value fields. (3) Results: We have shown that our proposals can accommodate more cross-shard TXs in a block by reducing the TX size by up to 65% and 97.6% compared to the state-of-the-art in public and private Ethereum, respectively. This compression in TX size results in an over 2× increase in transactions per block (TPB) for our proposals targeting both types of Ethereum. (4) Conclusions: Our proposals will mitigate the scaling issue in a sharded blockchain that utilizes rollups for cross-shard communication. In particular, it will enable such sharded Ethereum networks to be deployed for large-scale decentralized systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:10:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5599334628e64f0b92923498a653d9a0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2410-387X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:10:13Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cryptography |
| spelling | doaj.art-5599334628e64f0b92923498a653d9a02023-11-24T14:09:03ZengMDPI AGCryptography2410-387X2022-11-01645710.3390/cryptography6040057Scaling Ethereum 2.0s Cross-Shard Transactions with Refined Data StructuresAlexander Kudzin0Kentaroh Toyoda1Satoshi Takayama2Atsushi Ishigame3Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai City 599-8531, Osaka Prefecture, JapanInstitute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), A*STAR, Singapore 138632, SingaporeDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai City 599-8531, Osaka Prefecture, JapanDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai City 599-8531, Osaka Prefecture, Japan(1) Background: To solve the blockchain scaling issue, sharding has been proposed; however, this approach has its own scaling issue: the cross-shard communication method. To resolve the cross-shard communication scaling issue, rollups have been proposed and are being investigated. However, they also have their own scaling limitations, in particular, the degree of compression they can apply to transactions (TXs) affecting how many TXs can be included in one block. (2) Methods: In this paper, we propose a series of novel data structures for the compiling of cross-shard TXs sent using rollups for both public and private Ethereum. Our proposal removes redundant fields, consolidates repeated fields, and compresses any remaining fields in the rollup, modifying its data structure to compress the address, gas, and value fields. (3) Results: We have shown that our proposals can accommodate more cross-shard TXs in a block by reducing the TX size by up to 65% and 97.6% compared to the state-of-the-art in public and private Ethereum, respectively. This compression in TX size results in an over 2× increase in transactions per block (TPB) for our proposals targeting both types of Ethereum. (4) Conclusions: Our proposals will mitigate the scaling issue in a sharded blockchain that utilizes rollups for cross-shard communication. In particular, it will enable such sharded Ethereum networks to be deployed for large-scale decentralized systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2410-387X/6/4/57cross-shard transactionsshardingrollupscalabilityEthereum 2.0 |
| spellingShingle | Alexander Kudzin Kentaroh Toyoda Satoshi Takayama Atsushi Ishigame Scaling Ethereum 2.0s Cross-Shard Transactions with Refined Data Structures Cryptography cross-shard transactions sharding rollup scalability Ethereum 2.0 |
| title | Scaling Ethereum 2.0s Cross-Shard Transactions with Refined Data Structures |
| title_full | Scaling Ethereum 2.0s Cross-Shard Transactions with Refined Data Structures |
| title_fullStr | Scaling Ethereum 2.0s Cross-Shard Transactions with Refined Data Structures |
| title_full_unstemmed | Scaling Ethereum 2.0s Cross-Shard Transactions with Refined Data Structures |
| title_short | Scaling Ethereum 2.0s Cross-Shard Transactions with Refined Data Structures |
| title_sort | scaling ethereum 2 0s cross shard transactions with refined data structures |
| topic | cross-shard transactions sharding rollup scalability Ethereum 2.0 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-387X/6/4/57 |
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