Molecular evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of phenolic lipid extracted from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL)
Abstract Background Anacardium occidentale L phenolic lipid (LDT11) is used in traditional medicine as anti-inflammatory, astringent, antidiarrheal, anti-asthmatic and depurative. Phenolic derivatives, such as anacardic acid, extracted from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) have demonstrated biological...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2018-06-01
|
| Series: | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-018-2247-0 |
| _version_ | 1818187482068418560 |
|---|---|
| author | Marilen Queiroz de Souza Isabella Márcia Soares Nogueira Teotônio Fernanda Coutinho de Almeida Gabriella Simões Heyn Priscilla Souza Alves Luiz Antônio Soares Romeiro Riccardo Pratesi Yanna Karla de Medeiros Nóbrega Claudia B. Pratesi |
| author_facet | Marilen Queiroz de Souza Isabella Márcia Soares Nogueira Teotônio Fernanda Coutinho de Almeida Gabriella Simões Heyn Priscilla Souza Alves Luiz Antônio Soares Romeiro Riccardo Pratesi Yanna Karla de Medeiros Nóbrega Claudia B. Pratesi |
| author_sort | Marilen Queiroz de Souza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Anacardium occidentale L phenolic lipid (LDT11) is used in traditional medicine as anti-inflammatory, astringent, antidiarrheal, anti-asthmatic and depurative. Phenolic derivatives, such as anacardic acid, extracted from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) have demonstrated biological and pharmacological properties, and its profile makes it a candidate for the development of new anti-inflammatory agents. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory profile of a derivative, synthesized from LDT11, on an in vitro cellular model. Methods Organic synthesis of the phenolic derivative of CNSL that results in the hemi-synthetic compound LDT11. The cytotoxicity of the planned compound, LDT11, was analyzed in murine macrophages cell line, RAW264.7. The cells were previously treated with LDT11, and then, the inflammation was stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in intervals of 6 h and 24 h. The analysis of the gene expression of inflammatory markers (TNFα, iNOS, COX-2, NF-κB, IL-1β and IL-6), nitric oxide (NO) dosage, and cytokine IL-6 were realized. Results The results showed that the phenolic derivative, LDT11, influenced the modulatory gene expression. The relative gene transcripts quantification demonstrated that the LDT11 disclosed an immunoprotective effect against inflammation by decreasing genes expression when compared with cells stimulated with LPS in the control group. The NO and IL-6 dosages confirmed the results found in gene expression. Discussion The present study evaluated the immunoprotective effect of LDT11. In addition to a significant reduction in the expression of inflammatory genes, LDT11 also had a faster and superior anti-inflammatory action than the commercial products, and its response was already evident in the test carried out six hours after the treatment of the cells. Conclusion This study demonstrated LDT11 is potentially valuable as a rapid immunoprotective anti-inflammatory agent. Treatment with LDT11 decreased the gene expression of inflammatory markers, and the NO, and IL-6 production. When compared to commercial drugs, LDT11 showed a superior anti-inflammatory action. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T23:11:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-559d84b069644d7dbd437cfdb20ac487 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6882 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T23:11:44Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-559d84b069644d7dbd437cfdb20ac4872022-12-22T00:46:40ZengBMCBMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine1472-68822018-06-0118111110.1186/s12906-018-2247-0Molecular evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of phenolic lipid extracted from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL)Marilen Queiroz de Souza0Isabella Márcia Soares Nogueira Teotônio1Fernanda Coutinho de Almeida2Gabriella Simões Heyn3Priscilla Souza Alves4Luiz Antônio Soares Romeiro5Riccardo Pratesi6Yanna Karla de Medeiros Nóbrega7Claudia B. Pratesi8Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences and Celiac Disease Research Center, School of Medicine, University of BrasiliaInterdisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences and Celiac Disease Research Center, School of Medicine, University of BrasiliaInterdisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences and Celiac Disease Research Center, School of Medicine, University of BrasiliaDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of BrasiliaDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of BrasiliaDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of BrasiliaInterdisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences and Celiac Disease Research Center, School of Medicine, University of BrasiliaDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of BrasiliaInterdisciplinary Laboratory of Biosciences and Celiac Disease Research Center, School of Medicine, University of BrasiliaAbstract Background Anacardium occidentale L phenolic lipid (LDT11) is used in traditional medicine as anti-inflammatory, astringent, antidiarrheal, anti-asthmatic and depurative. Phenolic derivatives, such as anacardic acid, extracted from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) have demonstrated biological and pharmacological properties, and its profile makes it a candidate for the development of new anti-inflammatory agents. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory profile of a derivative, synthesized from LDT11, on an in vitro cellular model. Methods Organic synthesis of the phenolic derivative of CNSL that results in the hemi-synthetic compound LDT11. The cytotoxicity of the planned compound, LDT11, was analyzed in murine macrophages cell line, RAW264.7. The cells were previously treated with LDT11, and then, the inflammation was stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in intervals of 6 h and 24 h. The analysis of the gene expression of inflammatory markers (TNFα, iNOS, COX-2, NF-κB, IL-1β and IL-6), nitric oxide (NO) dosage, and cytokine IL-6 were realized. Results The results showed that the phenolic derivative, LDT11, influenced the modulatory gene expression. The relative gene transcripts quantification demonstrated that the LDT11 disclosed an immunoprotective effect against inflammation by decreasing genes expression when compared with cells stimulated with LPS in the control group. The NO and IL-6 dosages confirmed the results found in gene expression. Discussion The present study evaluated the immunoprotective effect of LDT11. In addition to a significant reduction in the expression of inflammatory genes, LDT11 also had a faster and superior anti-inflammatory action than the commercial products, and its response was already evident in the test carried out six hours after the treatment of the cells. Conclusion This study demonstrated LDT11 is potentially valuable as a rapid immunoprotective anti-inflammatory agent. Treatment with LDT11 decreased the gene expression of inflammatory markers, and the NO, and IL-6 production. When compared to commercial drugs, LDT11 showed a superior anti-inflammatory action.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-018-2247-0Fenolic lipidAnacardic acidGene expressionCashew nut shell liquidCNSLAnti-inflammatory activity |
| spellingShingle | Marilen Queiroz de Souza Isabella Márcia Soares Nogueira Teotônio Fernanda Coutinho de Almeida Gabriella Simões Heyn Priscilla Souza Alves Luiz Antônio Soares Romeiro Riccardo Pratesi Yanna Karla de Medeiros Nóbrega Claudia B. Pratesi Molecular evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of phenolic lipid extracted from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine Fenolic lipid Anacardic acid Gene expression Cashew nut shell liquid CNSL Anti-inflammatory activity |
| title | Molecular evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of phenolic lipid extracted from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) |
| title_full | Molecular evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of phenolic lipid extracted from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) |
| title_fullStr | Molecular evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of phenolic lipid extracted from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of phenolic lipid extracted from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) |
| title_short | Molecular evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of phenolic lipid extracted from cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) |
| title_sort | molecular evaluation of anti inflammatory activity of phenolic lipid extracted from cashew nut shell liquid cnsl |
| topic | Fenolic lipid Anacardic acid Gene expression Cashew nut shell liquid CNSL Anti-inflammatory activity |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12906-018-2247-0 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marilenqueirozdesouza molecularevaluationofantiinflammatoryactivityofphenoliclipidextractedfromcashewnutshellliquidcnsl AT isabellamarciasoaresnogueirateotonio molecularevaluationofantiinflammatoryactivityofphenoliclipidextractedfromcashewnutshellliquidcnsl AT fernandacoutinhodealmeida molecularevaluationofantiinflammatoryactivityofphenoliclipidextractedfromcashewnutshellliquidcnsl AT gabriellasimoesheyn molecularevaluationofantiinflammatoryactivityofphenoliclipidextractedfromcashewnutshellliquidcnsl AT priscillasouzaalves molecularevaluationofantiinflammatoryactivityofphenoliclipidextractedfromcashewnutshellliquidcnsl AT luizantoniosoaresromeiro molecularevaluationofantiinflammatoryactivityofphenoliclipidextractedfromcashewnutshellliquidcnsl AT riccardopratesi molecularevaluationofantiinflammatoryactivityofphenoliclipidextractedfromcashewnutshellliquidcnsl AT yannakarlademedeirosnobrega molecularevaluationofantiinflammatoryactivityofphenoliclipidextractedfromcashewnutshellliquidcnsl AT claudiabpratesi molecularevaluationofantiinflammatoryactivityofphenoliclipidextractedfromcashewnutshellliquidcnsl |