Synergistic Effect of Deoxyanthocyanins from Symbiotic Fern Azolla spp. on hrmA Gene Induction in the Cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme
The hrmA gene of the N2-fixing cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme functions in repressing the formation of transitory motile filaments, termed hormogonia, by plant-associated vegetative filaments. Here, we report that anthocyanins can contribute to induction of hrmA expression. Aqueous extract from f...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The American Phytopathological Society
2002-09-01
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| Series: | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI.2002.15.9.875 |
| _version_ | 1811264512382205952 |
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| author | Michael F. Cohen Yasuko Sakihama Yojiro C. Takagi Toshio Ichiba Hideo Yamasaki |
| author_facet | Michael F. Cohen Yasuko Sakihama Yojiro C. Takagi Toshio Ichiba Hideo Yamasaki |
| author_sort | Michael F. Cohen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The hrmA gene of the N2-fixing cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme functions in repressing the formation of transitory motile filaments, termed hormogonia, by plant-associated vegetative filaments. Here, we report that anthocyanins can contribute to induction of hrmA expression. Aqueous extract from fronds of the fern Azolla pinnata, a host of symbiotic Nostoc spp., was found to be a potent inducer of hrmA-luxAB in N. punctiforme strain UCD 328. The hrmA-luxAB inducing activities of A. pinnata, as well as Azolla filiculoides, were positively correlated with levels of frond deoxyanthocyanins. Analyses of the deoxyanthocyanins in frond extracts revealed, in order of predominance, an acetylated glycoside derivative of luteolinidin (m/z 475) and of apigeninidin (m/z 459) and minor amounts of a second luteolinidin derivative. At up to 150 μM, a purified preparation of deoxyanthocyanins only weakly induced hrmA-luxAB on its own, but mixtures with hrmA-luxAB inducers (A. filiculoides extract or the flavonoid naringin) synergistically doubled to tripled their inducing activities. These results suggest that appropriately localized deoxyanthocyanins could function in plant-mediated mechanisms for repressing Nostoc spp. hormogonium formation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:05:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-55d3317a644a47fbb37542b096c62dec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0894-0282 1943-7706 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:05:37Z |
| publishDate | 2002-09-01 |
| publisher | The American Phytopathological Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| spelling | doaj.art-55d3317a644a47fbb37542b096c62dec2022-12-22T03:18:24ZengThe American Phytopathological SocietyMolecular Plant-Microbe Interactions0894-02821943-77062002-09-0115987588210.1094/MPMI.2002.15.9.875Synergistic Effect of Deoxyanthocyanins from Symbiotic Fern Azolla spp. on hrmA Gene Induction in the Cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiformeMichael F. CohenYasuko SakihamaYojiro C. TakagiToshio IchibaHideo YamasakiThe hrmA gene of the N2-fixing cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme functions in repressing the formation of transitory motile filaments, termed hormogonia, by plant-associated vegetative filaments. Here, we report that anthocyanins can contribute to induction of hrmA expression. Aqueous extract from fronds of the fern Azolla pinnata, a host of symbiotic Nostoc spp., was found to be a potent inducer of hrmA-luxAB in N. punctiforme strain UCD 328. The hrmA-luxAB inducing activities of A. pinnata, as well as Azolla filiculoides, were positively correlated with levels of frond deoxyanthocyanins. Analyses of the deoxyanthocyanins in frond extracts revealed, in order of predominance, an acetylated glycoside derivative of luteolinidin (m/z 475) and of apigeninidin (m/z 459) and minor amounts of a second luteolinidin derivative. At up to 150 μM, a purified preparation of deoxyanthocyanins only weakly induced hrmA-luxAB on its own, but mixtures with hrmA-luxAB inducers (A. filiculoides extract or the flavonoid naringin) synergistically doubled to tripled their inducing activities. These results suggest that appropriately localized deoxyanthocyanins could function in plant-mediated mechanisms for repressing Nostoc spp. hormogonium formation.https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI.2002.15.9.875symbiosisAnthoceroscycadGunneraheterocystrhizobia |
| spellingShingle | Michael F. Cohen Yasuko Sakihama Yojiro C. Takagi Toshio Ichiba Hideo Yamasaki Synergistic Effect of Deoxyanthocyanins from Symbiotic Fern Azolla spp. on hrmA Gene Induction in the Cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions symbiosis Anthoceros cycad Gunnera heterocyst rhizobia |
| title | Synergistic Effect of Deoxyanthocyanins from Symbiotic Fern Azolla spp. on hrmA Gene Induction in the Cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme |
| title_full | Synergistic Effect of Deoxyanthocyanins from Symbiotic Fern Azolla spp. on hrmA Gene Induction in the Cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme |
| title_fullStr | Synergistic Effect of Deoxyanthocyanins from Symbiotic Fern Azolla spp. on hrmA Gene Induction in the Cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synergistic Effect of Deoxyanthocyanins from Symbiotic Fern Azolla spp. on hrmA Gene Induction in the Cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme |
| title_short | Synergistic Effect of Deoxyanthocyanins from Symbiotic Fern Azolla spp. on hrmA Gene Induction in the Cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme |
| title_sort | synergistic effect of deoxyanthocyanins from symbiotic fern azolla spp on hrma gene induction in the cyanobacterium nostoc punctiforme |
| topic | symbiosis Anthoceros cycad Gunnera heterocyst rhizobia |
| url | https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI.2002.15.9.875 |
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