New Technologies in the Assessment of Carotid Stenosis: Beyond the Color-Doppler Ultrasound—High Frame Rate Vector-Flow and 3D Arterial Analysis Ultrasound
Atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid artery is the main cause of ischemic stroke, with a high incidence rate among people over 65 years. A timely and precise diagnosis can help to prevent the ischemic event and decide patient management, such as follow up, medical, or surgical treatment. Presently,...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/8/1478 |
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| author | Emanuele David Ombretta Martinelli Patrizia Pacini Marco Di Serafino Pintong Huang Vincenzo Dolcetti Giovanni Del Gaudio Richard G. Barr Maurizio Renda Giuseppe T. Lucarelli Luca Di Marzo Dirk A. Clevert Carmen Solito Chiara Di Bella Vito Cantisani |
| author_facet | Emanuele David Ombretta Martinelli Patrizia Pacini Marco Di Serafino Pintong Huang Vincenzo Dolcetti Giovanni Del Gaudio Richard G. Barr Maurizio Renda Giuseppe T. Lucarelli Luca Di Marzo Dirk A. Clevert Carmen Solito Chiara Di Bella Vito Cantisani |
| author_sort | Emanuele David |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid artery is the main cause of ischemic stroke, with a high incidence rate among people over 65 years. A timely and precise diagnosis can help to prevent the ischemic event and decide patient management, such as follow up, medical, or surgical treatment. Presently, diagnostic imaging techniques available include color-Doppler ultrasound, as a first evaluation technique, computed tomography angiography, which, however, uses ionizing radiation, magnetic resonance angiography, still not in widespread use, and cerebral angiography, which is an invasively procedure reserved for therapeutically purposes. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is carving out an important and emerging role which can significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of an ultrasound. Modern ultrasound technologies, still not universally utilized, are opening new horizons in the arterial pathologies research field. In this paper, the technical development of various carotid artery stenosis diagnostic imaging modalities and their impact on clinical efficacy is thoroughly reviewed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:05:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-55e174d61f64469e8ed8d208e843f0f3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:05:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-55e174d61f64469e8ed8d208e843f0f32023-11-17T18:55:37ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182023-04-01138147810.3390/diagnostics13081478New Technologies in the Assessment of Carotid Stenosis: Beyond the Color-Doppler Ultrasound—High Frame Rate Vector-Flow and 3D Arterial Analysis UltrasoundEmanuele David0Ombretta Martinelli1Patrizia Pacini2Marco Di Serafino3Pintong Huang4Vincenzo Dolcetti5Giovanni Del Gaudio6Richard G. Barr7Maurizio Renda8Giuseppe T. Lucarelli9Luca Di Marzo10Dirk A. Clevert11Carmen Solito12Chiara Di Bella13Vito Cantisani14Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Surgery “Paride Stefanini”, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Division, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of General and Emergency Radiology, “Antonio Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Ultrasound in Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 242332, ChinaDepartment of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Radiology, Northeastern Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USADepartment of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Surgery “Paride Stefanini”, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Division, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, ItalyInterdisciplinary Ultrasound-Center, Department of Radiology, University of Munich, Grosshadern Campus, 81377 Munich, GermanyDepartment of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyAtherosclerotic plaque in the carotid artery is the main cause of ischemic stroke, with a high incidence rate among people over 65 years. A timely and precise diagnosis can help to prevent the ischemic event and decide patient management, such as follow up, medical, or surgical treatment. Presently, diagnostic imaging techniques available include color-Doppler ultrasound, as a first evaluation technique, computed tomography angiography, which, however, uses ionizing radiation, magnetic resonance angiography, still not in widespread use, and cerebral angiography, which is an invasively procedure reserved for therapeutically purposes. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is carving out an important and emerging role which can significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of an ultrasound. Modern ultrasound technologies, still not universally utilized, are opening new horizons in the arterial pathologies research field. In this paper, the technical development of various carotid artery stenosis diagnostic imaging modalities and their impact on clinical efficacy is thoroughly reviewed.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/8/1478atherosclerotic plaquecarotid arterycolor-Doppler ultrasoundcontrast enhanced ultrasoundComputed Tomography Angiography (CTA)Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) |
| spellingShingle | Emanuele David Ombretta Martinelli Patrizia Pacini Marco Di Serafino Pintong Huang Vincenzo Dolcetti Giovanni Del Gaudio Richard G. Barr Maurizio Renda Giuseppe T. Lucarelli Luca Di Marzo Dirk A. Clevert Carmen Solito Chiara Di Bella Vito Cantisani New Technologies in the Assessment of Carotid Stenosis: Beyond the Color-Doppler Ultrasound—High Frame Rate Vector-Flow and 3D Arterial Analysis Ultrasound Diagnostics atherosclerotic plaque carotid artery color-Doppler ultrasound contrast enhanced ultrasound Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) |
| title | New Technologies in the Assessment of Carotid Stenosis: Beyond the Color-Doppler Ultrasound—High Frame Rate Vector-Flow and 3D Arterial Analysis Ultrasound |
| title_full | New Technologies in the Assessment of Carotid Stenosis: Beyond the Color-Doppler Ultrasound—High Frame Rate Vector-Flow and 3D Arterial Analysis Ultrasound |
| title_fullStr | New Technologies in the Assessment of Carotid Stenosis: Beyond the Color-Doppler Ultrasound—High Frame Rate Vector-Flow and 3D Arterial Analysis Ultrasound |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Technologies in the Assessment of Carotid Stenosis: Beyond the Color-Doppler Ultrasound—High Frame Rate Vector-Flow and 3D Arterial Analysis Ultrasound |
| title_short | New Technologies in the Assessment of Carotid Stenosis: Beyond the Color-Doppler Ultrasound—High Frame Rate Vector-Flow and 3D Arterial Analysis Ultrasound |
| title_sort | new technologies in the assessment of carotid stenosis beyond the color doppler ultrasound high frame rate vector flow and 3d arterial analysis ultrasound |
| topic | atherosclerotic plaque carotid artery color-Doppler ultrasound contrast enhanced ultrasound Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/8/1478 |
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