Efficiency of Five Selected Aquatic Plants in Phytoremediation of Aquaculture Wastewater
The lack of clean water sources, due to the presence of pollutants in water, is a major issue in many countries, including Malaysia. To overcome this problem, various methods have been introduced, including phytoremediation treatment. Therefore, this phytoremediation study examined the ability of fi...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/8/2712 |
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| author | Nurul Umairah Mohd Nizam Marlia Mohd Hanafiah Izzati Mohd Noor Hazwani Izzati Abd Karim |
| author_facet | Nurul Umairah Mohd Nizam Marlia Mohd Hanafiah Izzati Mohd Noor Hazwani Izzati Abd Karim |
| author_sort | Nurul Umairah Mohd Nizam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The lack of clean water sources, due to the presence of pollutants in water, is a major issue in many countries, including Malaysia. To overcome this problem, various methods have been introduced, including phytoremediation treatment. Therefore, this phytoremediation study examined the ability of five aquatic plants—<i>Centella asiatica</i>, <i>Ipomoea aquatica</i>, <i>Salvinia molesta</i>, <i>Eichhornia crassipes</i>, and <i>Pistia stratiotes</i>—to remove three pollutants—total suspended solids (TSS), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH<sub>3</sub>-N), and phosphate—from aquaculture wastewater. Using wastewater samples, each containing 50 g of one of the plants, the pollutant levels were measured every two days for 14 days. The results showed a drastic decline in the concentration of pollutants, where <i>C. asiatica</i> was able to remove 98% of NH<sub>3</sub>-N, 90% of TSS, and 64% of phosphate, while <i>I. aquatica</i> showed the potential to eliminate up to 73% of TSS and NH<sub>3</sub>-N, and 50% of phosphate. <i>E. crassipes</i> drastically removed 98% of phosphate, 96% of TSS, and 74% of NH<sub>3</sub>-N, while <i>P. stratiotes</i> was able to eliminate 98% of TSS, 78% of NH<sub>3</sub>-N, and 89% of phosphate. <i>S. molesta</i> was efficient in removing 89.3% of TSS and 88.6% of phosphate, but only removed 63.9% of NH<sub>3</sub>-N. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:28:02Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:28:02Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-55e2081b2b3e443ba9a4dd4a3b63dbbe2023-11-19T21:37:19ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-04-01108271210.3390/app10082712Efficiency of Five Selected Aquatic Plants in Phytoremediation of Aquaculture WastewaterNurul Umairah Mohd Nizam0Marlia Mohd Hanafiah1Izzati Mohd Noor2Hazwani Izzati Abd Karim3Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, MalaysiaThe lack of clean water sources, due to the presence of pollutants in water, is a major issue in many countries, including Malaysia. To overcome this problem, various methods have been introduced, including phytoremediation treatment. Therefore, this phytoremediation study examined the ability of five aquatic plants—<i>Centella asiatica</i>, <i>Ipomoea aquatica</i>, <i>Salvinia molesta</i>, <i>Eichhornia crassipes</i>, and <i>Pistia stratiotes</i>—to remove three pollutants—total suspended solids (TSS), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH<sub>3</sub>-N), and phosphate—from aquaculture wastewater. Using wastewater samples, each containing 50 g of one of the plants, the pollutant levels were measured every two days for 14 days. The results showed a drastic decline in the concentration of pollutants, where <i>C. asiatica</i> was able to remove 98% of NH<sub>3</sub>-N, 90% of TSS, and 64% of phosphate, while <i>I. aquatica</i> showed the potential to eliminate up to 73% of TSS and NH<sub>3</sub>-N, and 50% of phosphate. <i>E. crassipes</i> drastically removed 98% of phosphate, 96% of TSS, and 74% of NH<sub>3</sub>-N, while <i>P. stratiotes</i> was able to eliminate 98% of TSS, 78% of NH<sub>3</sub>-N, and 89% of phosphate. <i>S. molesta</i> was efficient in removing 89.3% of TSS and 88.6% of phosphate, but only removed 63.9% of NH<sub>3</sub>-N.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/8/2712aquacultureaquatic plantsphytoremediationwastewater treatment |
| spellingShingle | Nurul Umairah Mohd Nizam Marlia Mohd Hanafiah Izzati Mohd Noor Hazwani Izzati Abd Karim Efficiency of Five Selected Aquatic Plants in Phytoremediation of Aquaculture Wastewater Applied Sciences aquaculture aquatic plants phytoremediation wastewater treatment |
| title | Efficiency of Five Selected Aquatic Plants in Phytoremediation of Aquaculture Wastewater |
| title_full | Efficiency of Five Selected Aquatic Plants in Phytoremediation of Aquaculture Wastewater |
| title_fullStr | Efficiency of Five Selected Aquatic Plants in Phytoremediation of Aquaculture Wastewater |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficiency of Five Selected Aquatic Plants in Phytoremediation of Aquaculture Wastewater |
| title_short | Efficiency of Five Selected Aquatic Plants in Phytoremediation of Aquaculture Wastewater |
| title_sort | efficiency of five selected aquatic plants in phytoremediation of aquaculture wastewater |
| topic | aquaculture aquatic plants phytoremediation wastewater treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/8/2712 |
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