A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone Technology
Total bilirubin values have been used as a potential marker to pre-screen and diagnose various liver-based diseases such as jaundice, bile obstruction, liver cancer, etc. A device known as KromaHealth Kit, composed of paper and an acrylic backbone, is developed to quantify total bilirubin in human s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2022.869086/full |
| _version_ | 1818113153110638592 |
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| author | Brittany AuYoung Akshay Gutha Ravichandran Divykumar Patel Nisarg Dave Achal Shah Brianna Wronko-Stevens Franklin Bettencourt Reshma Rajan Nidhi Menon |
| author_facet | Brittany AuYoung Akshay Gutha Ravichandran Divykumar Patel Nisarg Dave Achal Shah Brianna Wronko-Stevens Franklin Bettencourt Reshma Rajan Nidhi Menon |
| author_sort | Brittany AuYoung |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Total bilirubin values have been used as a potential marker to pre-screen and diagnose various liver-based diseases such as jaundice, bile obstruction, liver cancer, etc. A device known as KromaHealth Kit, composed of paper and an acrylic backbone, is developed to quantify total bilirubin in human serum using image processing and machine learning technology. The biochemical assays are deposited on absorbent paper pads that act as reaction zones when serum is added. A dedicated smartphone app captures images of the colorimetric changes on the pad and converts them into quantitative values of bilirubin. The range of bilirubin concentration that can be quantified using the device ranges from 0.5 mg/dl to 7.0 mg/dl. The precision, limit of detection, interference analysis, linearity, stability, and comparison with a predicate are studied in this paper in accordance with clinical and laboratory standards institute. The results indicate that the KromaHealth Kit can be used as an inexpensive alternative to conventional bilirubin testing in clinical settings. With its level of precision, ease-of-use, long shelf-life, and short turnaround time, it will prove to be invaluable in limited-resource settings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T03:30:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-55edee12346d4d1b9073a3add8b7037a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2646 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T03:30:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-55edee12346d4d1b9073a3add8b7037a2022-12-22T01:22:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Chemistry2296-26462022-07-011010.3389/fchem.2022.869086869086A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone TechnologyBrittany AuYoung0Akshay Gutha Ravichandran1Divykumar Patel2Nisarg Dave3Achal Shah4Brianna Wronko-Stevens5Franklin Bettencourt6Reshma Rajan7Nidhi Menon8Division of Product Development, Group K Diagnostics, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesManufacturing Department, Group K Diagnostics, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesManufacturing Department, Group K Diagnostics, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesDivision of Product Development, Group K Diagnostics, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesDivision of Product Development, Group K Diagnostics, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesGroup K Diagnostics, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesDivision of Product Development, Group K Diagnostics, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesDivision of Product Development, Group K Diagnostics, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesDivision of Product Development, Group K Diagnostics, Philadelphia, PA, United StatesTotal bilirubin values have been used as a potential marker to pre-screen and diagnose various liver-based diseases such as jaundice, bile obstruction, liver cancer, etc. A device known as KromaHealth Kit, composed of paper and an acrylic backbone, is developed to quantify total bilirubin in human serum using image processing and machine learning technology. The biochemical assays are deposited on absorbent paper pads that act as reaction zones when serum is added. A dedicated smartphone app captures images of the colorimetric changes on the pad and converts them into quantitative values of bilirubin. The range of bilirubin concentration that can be quantified using the device ranges from 0.5 mg/dl to 7.0 mg/dl. The precision, limit of detection, interference analysis, linearity, stability, and comparison with a predicate are studied in this paper in accordance with clinical and laboratory standards institute. The results indicate that the KromaHealth Kit can be used as an inexpensive alternative to conventional bilirubin testing in clinical settings. With its level of precision, ease-of-use, long shelf-life, and short turnaround time, it will prove to be invaluable in limited-resource settings.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2022.869086/fulldiagnosticspaper microfluidicsobject detectionimage processingbilirubin |
| spellingShingle | Brittany AuYoung Akshay Gutha Ravichandran Divykumar Patel Nisarg Dave Achal Shah Brianna Wronko-Stevens Franklin Bettencourt Reshma Rajan Nidhi Menon A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone Technology Frontiers in Chemistry diagnostics paper microfluidics object detection image processing bilirubin |
| title | A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone Technology |
| title_full | A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone Technology |
| title_fullStr | A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone Technology |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone Technology |
| title_short | A Low-Cost Paper-Based Device for the Colorimetric Quantification of Bilirubin in Serum Using Smartphone Technology |
| title_sort | low cost paper based device for the colorimetric quantification of bilirubin in serum using smartphone technology |
| topic | diagnostics paper microfluidics object detection image processing bilirubin |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2022.869086/full |
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