Global Mass Spectrometric Analysis Reveals Chemical Diversity of Secondary Metabolites and 44-Methylgambierone Production in Philippine Gambierdiscus Strains
Surveillance and characterization of emerging marine toxins and toxigenic dinoflagellates are warranted to evaluate their associated health risks. Here, we report the occurrence of the ciguatera poisoning-causative dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus balechii in the Philippines. Toxin production and chemic...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.767024/full |
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| author | Zabrina Bernice L. Malto Garry A. Benico Garry A. Benico Jeremiah D. Batucan James Dela Cruz Marc Lawrence J. Romero Rhodora V. Azanza Lilibeth A. Salvador-Reyes |
| author_facet | Zabrina Bernice L. Malto Garry A. Benico Garry A. Benico Jeremiah D. Batucan James Dela Cruz Marc Lawrence J. Romero Rhodora V. Azanza Lilibeth A. Salvador-Reyes |
| author_sort | Zabrina Bernice L. Malto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Surveillance and characterization of emerging marine toxins and toxigenic dinoflagellates are warranted to evaluate their associated health risks. Here, we report the occurrence of the ciguatera poisoning-causative dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus balechii in the Philippines. Toxin production and chemical diversity of secondary metabolites in G. balechii GtoxSAM092414, G. balechii Gtox112513, and the recently reported Gambierdiscus carpenteri Gam1BOL080513 were assessed using targeted and untargeted UPLC-MS/MS analysis and radioligand receptor-binding assay (RBA). 44-methylgambierone was produced by all three strains, albeit with different levels based on RBA and UPLC-HRMS/MS analysis. The fatty acid composition was similar in all strains, while subtle differences in monosaccharide content were observed, related to the collection site rather than the species. Molecular networking using the GNPS database identified 45 clusters belonging to at least ten compound classes, with terpene glycosides, carbohydrate conjugates, polyketides, and macrolides as major convergence points. Species-specific peptides and polyhydroxylated compounds were identified in G. balechii GtoxSAM092414 and G. carpenteri Gam1BOL080513, respectively. These provide a glimpse of the uncharacterized biosynthetic potential of benthic dinoflagellates and highlight the intricate and prolific machinery for secondary metabolites production in these organisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:41:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5607c311000041699debfcdd2e5998cc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:41:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-5607c311000041699debfcdd2e5998cc2022-12-22T04:17:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452022-02-01810.3389/fmars.2021.767024767024Global Mass Spectrometric Analysis Reveals Chemical Diversity of Secondary Metabolites and 44-Methylgambierone Production in Philippine Gambierdiscus StrainsZabrina Bernice L. Malto0Garry A. Benico1Garry A. Benico2Jeremiah D. Batucan3James Dela Cruz4Marc Lawrence J. Romero5Rhodora V. Azanza6Lilibeth A. Salvador-Reyes7Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines-Diliman, Quezon City, PhilippinesMarine Science Institute, University of the Philippines-Diliman, Quezon City, PhilippinesDepartment of Biological Sciences, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, PhilippinesMarine Science Institute, University of the Philippines-Diliman, Quezon City, PhilippinesBureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, Quezon City, PhilippinesBureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, Quezon City, PhilippinesMarine Science Institute, University of the Philippines-Diliman, Quezon City, PhilippinesMarine Science Institute, University of the Philippines-Diliman, Quezon City, PhilippinesSurveillance and characterization of emerging marine toxins and toxigenic dinoflagellates are warranted to evaluate their associated health risks. Here, we report the occurrence of the ciguatera poisoning-causative dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus balechii in the Philippines. Toxin production and chemical diversity of secondary metabolites in G. balechii GtoxSAM092414, G. balechii Gtox112513, and the recently reported Gambierdiscus carpenteri Gam1BOL080513 were assessed using targeted and untargeted UPLC-MS/MS analysis and radioligand receptor-binding assay (RBA). 44-methylgambierone was produced by all three strains, albeit with different levels based on RBA and UPLC-HRMS/MS analysis. The fatty acid composition was similar in all strains, while subtle differences in monosaccharide content were observed, related to the collection site rather than the species. Molecular networking using the GNPS database identified 45 clusters belonging to at least ten compound classes, with terpene glycosides, carbohydrate conjugates, polyketides, and macrolides as major convergence points. Species-specific peptides and polyhydroxylated compounds were identified in G. balechii GtoxSAM092414 and G. carpenteri Gam1BOL080513, respectively. These provide a glimpse of the uncharacterized biosynthetic potential of benthic dinoflagellates and highlight the intricate and prolific machinery for secondary metabolites production in these organisms.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.767024/fullGambierdiscus carpenteriGambierdiscus balechiiciguatera fish poisoningmarine toxinsdinoflagellatessecondary metabolites |
| spellingShingle | Zabrina Bernice L. Malto Garry A. Benico Garry A. Benico Jeremiah D. Batucan James Dela Cruz Marc Lawrence J. Romero Rhodora V. Azanza Lilibeth A. Salvador-Reyes Global Mass Spectrometric Analysis Reveals Chemical Diversity of Secondary Metabolites and 44-Methylgambierone Production in Philippine Gambierdiscus Strains Frontiers in Marine Science Gambierdiscus carpenteri Gambierdiscus balechii ciguatera fish poisoning marine toxins dinoflagellates secondary metabolites |
| title | Global Mass Spectrometric Analysis Reveals Chemical Diversity of Secondary Metabolites and 44-Methylgambierone Production in Philippine Gambierdiscus Strains |
| title_full | Global Mass Spectrometric Analysis Reveals Chemical Diversity of Secondary Metabolites and 44-Methylgambierone Production in Philippine Gambierdiscus Strains |
| title_fullStr | Global Mass Spectrometric Analysis Reveals Chemical Diversity of Secondary Metabolites and 44-Methylgambierone Production in Philippine Gambierdiscus Strains |
| title_full_unstemmed | Global Mass Spectrometric Analysis Reveals Chemical Diversity of Secondary Metabolites and 44-Methylgambierone Production in Philippine Gambierdiscus Strains |
| title_short | Global Mass Spectrometric Analysis Reveals Chemical Diversity of Secondary Metabolites and 44-Methylgambierone Production in Philippine Gambierdiscus Strains |
| title_sort | global mass spectrometric analysis reveals chemical diversity of secondary metabolites and 44 methylgambierone production in philippine gambierdiscus strains |
| topic | Gambierdiscus carpenteri Gambierdiscus balechii ciguatera fish poisoning marine toxins dinoflagellates secondary metabolites |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.767024/full |
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