Liquid nitrogen injection into aviation fuel to reduce its flammability and post-impact fire effects
The finite volume method was used to study the characteristic of contaminated aviation fuel with the aim of reducing its flammability and post-impact fire. The flammability levels between pure Jet A-1 and contaminated Jet A-1 are compared using their flashpoints and fire points before and after the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Vilnius Gediminas Technical University
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Aviation |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.vilniustech.lt/index.php/Aviation/article/view/19729 |
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| author | Abdulbaqi Jinadu Olalekan Adebayo Olayemi Ayodeji Akangbe Abdul-Haleem Olatinwo Volodymyr Koloskov Dmytro Tiniakov |
| author_facet | Abdulbaqi Jinadu Olalekan Adebayo Olayemi Ayodeji Akangbe Abdul-Haleem Olatinwo Volodymyr Koloskov Dmytro Tiniakov |
| author_sort | Abdulbaqi Jinadu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
The finite volume method was used to study the characteristic of contaminated aviation fuel with the aim of reducing its flammability and post-impact fire. The flammability levels between pure Jet A-1 and contaminated Jet A-1 are compared using their flashpoints and fire points before and after the introduction of Liquid Nitrogen. Upon heating different mixing ratios (4:1, 3:1, and 2:1), results are analyzed to identify the best volume ratio exhibiting the highest reduction in flammability. Analysis shows that the mixing ratio of 2:1 not only froze but increased the flashpoint of the mixture from (48 ˚C–50 ˚C) to 64 ˚C. For the mixing ratio of 3:1, there was a rise in flashpoint to about 56 ˚C and partial freezing was seen at the topmost surface. At a mixing ratio of 4:1, it was observed that the effect of liquid nitrogen on Jet A-1 was minimal leading to a slight rise in its flash point (50 ˚C). Thus, liquid Nitrogen had a substantial effect on the flammability and flash point of Jet A-1 when mixed in the ratio (2:1) with a freezing time of 30 seconds and an unfreezing time of 17.5 minutes. Hence, Liquid Nitrogen can be used for the flammability reduction of Jet A-1.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T18:37:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5624954ee7b74b36a837b00d0d542a13 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1648-7788 1822-4180 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T18:37:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Vilnius Gediminas Technical University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aviation |
| spelling | doaj.art-5624954ee7b74b36a837b00d0d542a132023-10-12T15:21:18ZengVilnius Gediminas Technical UniversityAviation1648-77881822-41802023-10-0127310.3846/aviation.2023.19729Liquid nitrogen injection into aviation fuel to reduce its flammability and post-impact fire effectsAbdulbaqi Jinadu0Olalekan Adebayo Olayemi1Ayodeji Akangbe2Abdul-Haleem Olatinwo3Volodymyr Koloskov4Dmytro Tiniakov5Research Unit for Aviation Design and Safety, Department of Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kwara State University, Kwara State, NigeriaResearch Unit for Aviation Design and Safety, Department of Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kwara State University, Kwara State, NigeriaResearch Unit for Aviation Design and Safety, Department of Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kwara State University, Kwara State, NigeriaResearch Unit for Aviation Design and Safety, Department of Aeronautical and Astronautical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kwara State University, Kwara State, NigeriaDepartment of Applied Mechanics and Environmental Protection Technologies, Faculty of Technogenic and Ecological Safety, National University of Civil Defence of Ukraine, Kharkiv, UkraineNanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China The finite volume method was used to study the characteristic of contaminated aviation fuel with the aim of reducing its flammability and post-impact fire. The flammability levels between pure Jet A-1 and contaminated Jet A-1 are compared using their flashpoints and fire points before and after the introduction of Liquid Nitrogen. Upon heating different mixing ratios (4:1, 3:1, and 2:1), results are analyzed to identify the best volume ratio exhibiting the highest reduction in flammability. Analysis shows that the mixing ratio of 2:1 not only froze but increased the flashpoint of the mixture from (48 ˚C–50 ˚C) to 64 ˚C. For the mixing ratio of 3:1, there was a rise in flashpoint to about 56 ˚C and partial freezing was seen at the topmost surface. At a mixing ratio of 4:1, it was observed that the effect of liquid nitrogen on Jet A-1 was minimal leading to a slight rise in its flash point (50 ˚C). Thus, liquid Nitrogen had a substantial effect on the flammability and flash point of Jet A-1 when mixed in the ratio (2:1) with a freezing time of 30 seconds and an unfreezing time of 17.5 minutes. Hence, Liquid Nitrogen can be used for the flammability reduction of Jet A-1. https://journals.vilniustech.lt/index.php/Aviation/article/view/19729post-impact fireflashpoint testingCFD analysisfire safetycontaminationFEM |
| spellingShingle | Abdulbaqi Jinadu Olalekan Adebayo Olayemi Ayodeji Akangbe Abdul-Haleem Olatinwo Volodymyr Koloskov Dmytro Tiniakov Liquid nitrogen injection into aviation fuel to reduce its flammability and post-impact fire effects Aviation post-impact fire flashpoint testing CFD analysis fire safety contamination FEM |
| title | Liquid nitrogen injection into aviation fuel to reduce its flammability and post-impact fire effects |
| title_full | Liquid nitrogen injection into aviation fuel to reduce its flammability and post-impact fire effects |
| title_fullStr | Liquid nitrogen injection into aviation fuel to reduce its flammability and post-impact fire effects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Liquid nitrogen injection into aviation fuel to reduce its flammability and post-impact fire effects |
| title_short | Liquid nitrogen injection into aviation fuel to reduce its flammability and post-impact fire effects |
| title_sort | liquid nitrogen injection into aviation fuel to reduce its flammability and post impact fire effects |
| topic | post-impact fire flashpoint testing CFD analysis fire safety contamination FEM |
| url | https://journals.vilniustech.lt/index.php/Aviation/article/view/19729 |
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