Volume transmission of beta-endorphin via the cerebrospinal fluid; a review
<p>Abstract</p> <p>There is increasing evidence that non-synaptic communication by volume transmission in the flowing CSF plays an important role in neural mechanisms, especially for extending the duration of behavioral effects. In the present review, we explore the mechanisms invo...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2012-08-01
|
| Series: | Fluids and Barriers of the CNS |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.fluidsbarrierscns.com/content/9/1/16 |
| _version_ | 1818666954363240448 |
|---|---|
| author | Veening Jan G Gerrits Peter O Barendregt Henk P |
| author_facet | Veening Jan G Gerrits Peter O Barendregt Henk P |
| author_sort | Veening Jan G |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>There is increasing evidence that non-synaptic communication by volume transmission in the flowing CSF plays an important role in neural mechanisms, especially for extending the duration of behavioral effects. In the present review, we explore the mechanisms involved in the behavioral and physiological effects of β-endorphin (β-END), especially those involving the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as a message transport system to reach distant brain areas. The major source of β-END are the pro-opio-melano-cortin (POMC) neurons, located in the arcuate hypothalamic nucleus (ARH), bordering the 3<sup>rd</sup> ventricle. In addition, numerous varicose β-END-immunoreactive fibers are situated close to the ventricular surfaces. In the present paper we surveyed the evidence that volume transmission via the CSF can be considered as an option for messages to reach remote brain areas. Some of the points discussed in the present review are: release mechanisms of β-END, independence of peripheral <it>versus</it> central levels, central β-END migration over considerable distances, behavioral effects of β-END depend on location of ventricular administration, and abundance of mu and delta opioid receptors in the periventricular regions of the brain.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T06:12:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-562c4439e016482596b9b8fca21f0b0c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-8118 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T06:12:44Z |
| publishDate | 2012-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fluids and Barriers of the CNS |
| spelling | doaj.art-562c4439e016482596b9b8fca21f0b0c2022-12-21T22:00:34ZengBMCFluids and Barriers of the CNS2045-81182012-08-01911610.1186/2045-8118-9-16Volume transmission of beta-endorphin via the cerebrospinal fluid; a reviewVeening Jan GGerrits Peter OBarendregt Henk P<p>Abstract</p> <p>There is increasing evidence that non-synaptic communication by volume transmission in the flowing CSF plays an important role in neural mechanisms, especially for extending the duration of behavioral effects. In the present review, we explore the mechanisms involved in the behavioral and physiological effects of β-endorphin (β-END), especially those involving the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as a message transport system to reach distant brain areas. The major source of β-END are the pro-opio-melano-cortin (POMC) neurons, located in the arcuate hypothalamic nucleus (ARH), bordering the 3<sup>rd</sup> ventricle. In addition, numerous varicose β-END-immunoreactive fibers are situated close to the ventricular surfaces. In the present paper we surveyed the evidence that volume transmission via the CSF can be considered as an option for messages to reach remote brain areas. Some of the points discussed in the present review are: release mechanisms of β-END, independence of peripheral <it>versus</it> central levels, central β-END migration over considerable distances, behavioral effects of β-END depend on location of ventricular administration, and abundance of mu and delta opioid receptors in the periventricular regions of the brain.</p>http://www.fluidsbarrierscns.com/content/9/1/16β-endorphinPro-opio-melanocortinCerebrospinal fluidVolume transmissionArcuate nucleus of the hypothalamusBehavior |
| spellingShingle | Veening Jan G Gerrits Peter O Barendregt Henk P Volume transmission of beta-endorphin via the cerebrospinal fluid; a review Fluids and Barriers of the CNS β-endorphin Pro-opio-melanocortin Cerebrospinal fluid Volume transmission Arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus Behavior |
| title | Volume transmission of beta-endorphin via the cerebrospinal fluid; a review |
| title_full | Volume transmission of beta-endorphin via the cerebrospinal fluid; a review |
| title_fullStr | Volume transmission of beta-endorphin via the cerebrospinal fluid; a review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Volume transmission of beta-endorphin via the cerebrospinal fluid; a review |
| title_short | Volume transmission of beta-endorphin via the cerebrospinal fluid; a review |
| title_sort | volume transmission of beta endorphin via the cerebrospinal fluid a review |
| topic | β-endorphin Pro-opio-melanocortin Cerebrospinal fluid Volume transmission Arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus Behavior |
| url | http://www.fluidsbarrierscns.com/content/9/1/16 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT veeningjang volumetransmissionofbetaendorphinviathecerebrospinalfluidareview AT gerritspetero volumetransmissionofbetaendorphinviathecerebrospinalfluidareview AT barendregthenkp volumetransmissionofbetaendorphinviathecerebrospinalfluidareview |