Identifying the Multi-Scale Influences of Climate Factors on Runoff Changes in a Typical Karst Watershed Using Wavelet Analysis
Identifying the impacts of climatic factors on runoff change has become a central topic in climate and hydrology research. This issue, however, has received minimal attention in karst watersheds worldwide. Multi-resolution analysis (MRA), continuous wavelet transform (CWT), cross wavelet transform (...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-08-01
|
| Series: | Land |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/8/1284 |
| _version_ | 1797409326932951040 |
|---|---|
| author | Luhua Wu Shijie Wang Xiaoyong Bai Fei Chen Chaojun Li Chen Ran Sirui Zhang |
| author_facet | Luhua Wu Shijie Wang Xiaoyong Bai Fei Chen Chaojun Li Chen Ran Sirui Zhang |
| author_sort | Luhua Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Identifying the impacts of climatic factors on runoff change has become a central topic in climate and hydrology research. This issue, however, has received minimal attention in karst watersheds worldwide. Multi-resolution analysis (MRA), continuous wavelet transform (CWT), cross wavelet transform (XWT) and wavelet transform coherence (WTC) are used to study the teleconnection in time and frequency between climate change and hydrological processes in a typical karst watershed at different time scales. The main results are: (1) All climatic factors exhibit a main cycle at 12-month time scales with runoff changes, but the main periodic bandwidth of rainfall on runoff changes is much wider than that of temperature and evaporation, indicating that rainfall is the main factor affecting runoff changes. (2) In other cycles, the impact of rainfall on runoff changes is the interlacing phenomena with positive and negative, but the impact of temperature and evaporation on runoff change is mainly negative. (3) The response of runoff to rainfall is in time in the high-energy region and the low-energy significant-correlation region and has shown a positive correlation with a smaller phase angle, but it is slightly lagged at 16-month time scales. Moreover, the runoff change lags behind temperature and evaporation for 1–2 months in those regions. (4) It has been found that there is a strong effect of rainfall over runoff, but a lesser effect of temperature and evaporation over runoff. The study sheds light on the main teleconnections between rainfall, evapotranspiration and surface runoff, which in turn might help to attain the better management of water resources in typical karst watersheds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:12:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5636dc45116249b7be6235eb7e77a9a5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-445X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:12:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Land |
| spelling | doaj.art-5636dc45116249b7be6235eb7e77a9a52023-12-03T13:57:43ZengMDPI AGLand2073-445X2022-08-01118128410.3390/land11081284Identifying the Multi-Scale Influences of Climate Factors on Runoff Changes in a Typical Karst Watershed Using Wavelet AnalysisLuhua Wu0Shijie Wang1Xiaoyong Bai2Fei Chen3Chaojun Li4Chen Ran5Sirui Zhang6School of Economics and Management, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry of Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry of Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry of Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry of Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry of Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry of Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, ChinaIdentifying the impacts of climatic factors on runoff change has become a central topic in climate and hydrology research. This issue, however, has received minimal attention in karst watersheds worldwide. Multi-resolution analysis (MRA), continuous wavelet transform (CWT), cross wavelet transform (XWT) and wavelet transform coherence (WTC) are used to study the teleconnection in time and frequency between climate change and hydrological processes in a typical karst watershed at different time scales. The main results are: (1) All climatic factors exhibit a main cycle at 12-month time scales with runoff changes, but the main periodic bandwidth of rainfall on runoff changes is much wider than that of temperature and evaporation, indicating that rainfall is the main factor affecting runoff changes. (2) In other cycles, the impact of rainfall on runoff changes is the interlacing phenomena with positive and negative, but the impact of temperature and evaporation on runoff change is mainly negative. (3) The response of runoff to rainfall is in time in the high-energy region and the low-energy significant-correlation region and has shown a positive correlation with a smaller phase angle, but it is slightly lagged at 16-month time scales. Moreover, the runoff change lags behind temperature and evaporation for 1–2 months in those regions. (4) It has been found that there is a strong effect of rainfall over runoff, but a lesser effect of temperature and evaporation over runoff. The study sheds light on the main teleconnections between rainfall, evapotranspiration and surface runoff, which in turn might help to attain the better management of water resources in typical karst watersheds.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/8/1284karstwatershedrunoff changeclimate factorswavelet analysis |
| spellingShingle | Luhua Wu Shijie Wang Xiaoyong Bai Fei Chen Chaojun Li Chen Ran Sirui Zhang Identifying the Multi-Scale Influences of Climate Factors on Runoff Changes in a Typical Karst Watershed Using Wavelet Analysis Land karst watershed runoff change climate factors wavelet analysis |
| title | Identifying the Multi-Scale Influences of Climate Factors on Runoff Changes in a Typical Karst Watershed Using Wavelet Analysis |
| title_full | Identifying the Multi-Scale Influences of Climate Factors on Runoff Changes in a Typical Karst Watershed Using Wavelet Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Identifying the Multi-Scale Influences of Climate Factors on Runoff Changes in a Typical Karst Watershed Using Wavelet Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identifying the Multi-Scale Influences of Climate Factors on Runoff Changes in a Typical Karst Watershed Using Wavelet Analysis |
| title_short | Identifying the Multi-Scale Influences of Climate Factors on Runoff Changes in a Typical Karst Watershed Using Wavelet Analysis |
| title_sort | identifying the multi scale influences of climate factors on runoff changes in a typical karst watershed using wavelet analysis |
| topic | karst watershed runoff change climate factors wavelet analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/8/1284 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT luhuawu identifyingthemultiscaleinfluencesofclimatefactorsonrunoffchangesinatypicalkarstwatershedusingwaveletanalysis AT shijiewang identifyingthemultiscaleinfluencesofclimatefactorsonrunoffchangesinatypicalkarstwatershedusingwaveletanalysis AT xiaoyongbai identifyingthemultiscaleinfluencesofclimatefactorsonrunoffchangesinatypicalkarstwatershedusingwaveletanalysis AT feichen identifyingthemultiscaleinfluencesofclimatefactorsonrunoffchangesinatypicalkarstwatershedusingwaveletanalysis AT chaojunli identifyingthemultiscaleinfluencesofclimatefactorsonrunoffchangesinatypicalkarstwatershedusingwaveletanalysis AT chenran identifyingthemultiscaleinfluencesofclimatefactorsonrunoffchangesinatypicalkarstwatershedusingwaveletanalysis AT siruizhang identifyingthemultiscaleinfluencesofclimatefactorsonrunoffchangesinatypicalkarstwatershedusingwaveletanalysis |