Regulation of coronaviral poly(A) tail length during infection.
The positive-strand coronavirus genome of ~30 kilobase in length and subgenomic (sg) mRNAs of shorter lengths, are 5' and 3'-co-terminal by virtue of a common 5'-capped leader and a common 3'-polyadenylated untranslated region. Here, by ligating head-to-tail viral RNAs from bovin...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2013-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3726627?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1819070907421818880 |
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| author | Hung-Yi Wu Ting-Yung Ke Wei-Yu Liao Nai-Yun Chang |
| author_facet | Hung-Yi Wu Ting-Yung Ke Wei-Yu Liao Nai-Yun Chang |
| author_sort | Hung-Yi Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The positive-strand coronavirus genome of ~30 kilobase in length and subgenomic (sg) mRNAs of shorter lengths, are 5' and 3'-co-terminal by virtue of a common 5'-capped leader and a common 3'-polyadenylated untranslated region. Here, by ligating head-to-tail viral RNAs from bovine coronavirus-infected cells and sequencing across the ligated junctions, it was learned that at the time of peak viral RNA synthesis [6 hours postinfection (hpi)] the 3' poly(A) tail on genomic and sgmRNAs is ~65 nucleotides (nt) in length. Surprisingly, this length was found to vary throughout infection from ~45 nt immediately after virus entry (at 0 to 4 hpi) to ~65 nt later on (at 6 h to 9 hpi) and from ~65 nt (at 6 h to 9 hpi) to ~30 nt (at 120-144 hpi). With the same method, poly(U) sequences of the same lengths were simultaneously found on the ligated viral negative-strand RNAs. Functional analyses of poly(A) tail length on specific viral RNA species, furthermore, revealed that translation, in vivo, of RNAs with the longer poly(A) tail was enhanced over those with the shorter poly(A). Although the mechanisms by which the tail lengths vary is unknown, experimental results together suggest that the length of the poly(A) and poly(U) tails is regulated. One potential function of regulated poly(A) tail length might be that for the coronavirus genome a longer poly(A) favors translation. The regulation of coronavirus translation by poly(A) tail length resembles that during embryonal development suggesting there may be mechanistic parallels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T17:13:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-564453c036ab4a1cabef54296b8a837f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T17:13:24Z |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-564453c036ab4a1cabef54296b8a837f2022-12-21T18:56:21ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032013-01-0187e7054810.1371/journal.pone.0070548Regulation of coronaviral poly(A) tail length during infection.Hung-Yi WuTing-Yung KeWei-Yu LiaoNai-Yun ChangThe positive-strand coronavirus genome of ~30 kilobase in length and subgenomic (sg) mRNAs of shorter lengths, are 5' and 3'-co-terminal by virtue of a common 5'-capped leader and a common 3'-polyadenylated untranslated region. Here, by ligating head-to-tail viral RNAs from bovine coronavirus-infected cells and sequencing across the ligated junctions, it was learned that at the time of peak viral RNA synthesis [6 hours postinfection (hpi)] the 3' poly(A) tail on genomic and sgmRNAs is ~65 nucleotides (nt) in length. Surprisingly, this length was found to vary throughout infection from ~45 nt immediately after virus entry (at 0 to 4 hpi) to ~65 nt later on (at 6 h to 9 hpi) and from ~65 nt (at 6 h to 9 hpi) to ~30 nt (at 120-144 hpi). With the same method, poly(U) sequences of the same lengths were simultaneously found on the ligated viral negative-strand RNAs. Functional analyses of poly(A) tail length on specific viral RNA species, furthermore, revealed that translation, in vivo, of RNAs with the longer poly(A) tail was enhanced over those with the shorter poly(A). Although the mechanisms by which the tail lengths vary is unknown, experimental results together suggest that the length of the poly(A) and poly(U) tails is regulated. One potential function of regulated poly(A) tail length might be that for the coronavirus genome a longer poly(A) favors translation. The regulation of coronavirus translation by poly(A) tail length resembles that during embryonal development suggesting there may be mechanistic parallels.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3726627?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Hung-Yi Wu Ting-Yung Ke Wei-Yu Liao Nai-Yun Chang Regulation of coronaviral poly(A) tail length during infection. PLoS ONE |
| title | Regulation of coronaviral poly(A) tail length during infection. |
| title_full | Regulation of coronaviral poly(A) tail length during infection. |
| title_fullStr | Regulation of coronaviral poly(A) tail length during infection. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of coronaviral poly(A) tail length during infection. |
| title_short | Regulation of coronaviral poly(A) tail length during infection. |
| title_sort | regulation of coronaviral poly a tail length during infection |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3726627?pdf=render |
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