Microbiological Spectrum and Antibiogram of Urinary Tract Infection in a Tertiary Care Center from the Kingdom of Bahrain
Urinary tract infection is the second-most common after respiratory infections. This is a single-center retrospective study conducted in Bahrain Specialist Hospital, Bahrain. Urine culture data from November 2011 until December 2020 was obtained from the hospital database. Out of 28082, 4849 (17.3%)...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation |
| Online Access: | http://www.sjkdt.org/article.asp?issn=1319-2442;year=2022;volume=33;issue=7;spage=53;epage=60;aulast=Sheikh |
| _version_ | 1797775350088859648 |
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| author | Rayees Yousuf Sheikh Soni Murdeshwar Teerath Kumar Maheshwari Saramma Chacko |
| author_facet | Rayees Yousuf Sheikh Soni Murdeshwar Teerath Kumar Maheshwari Saramma Chacko |
| author_sort | Rayees Yousuf Sheikh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Urinary tract infection is the second-most common after respiratory infections. This is a single-center retrospective study conducted in Bahrain Specialist Hospital, Bahrain. Urine culture data from November 2011 until December 2020 was obtained from the hospital database. Out of 28082, 4849 (17.3%) cultures were positive. One hundred and thirty-four (2.8%) showed the growth of multiple organisms. The male-to-female ratio was 3.7. Most of the patients [1872 (39.7%)] were 20–40 years. Men and women were 53.84 ± 25.85 and 43.41 ± 23.89 years, respectively; P <0.001. 4118/4715 (87.3%) were Gram-negative. Five hundred and sixty-four (11.9 %) and 33 (0.7%) were Gram-positive cocci and fungi, respectively. Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the most common and Klebsiella species were second-most common, accounting for 2916 (61.8%) and 586 (12.4%), respectively. 30.2% of all E. coli and 130 (22.2%) of all Klebsiella species were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers. ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis were present more in inpatients (P <0.001). P. aeruginosa was found more in women (P <0.001). E. coli was resistant to cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin in 28%, 17.3%, and 18.1%, respectively. ESBL E. coli and ESBL K. pneumoniae were resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate, cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin in 73.8%, 62.3%, 62.4%, 58.4% and 68.2%, 62.6%, 55.7%, and 41.8% respectively. There is a high incidence of ESBL E. coli and ESBL K. pneumoniae. There is alarmingly increased resistance of P. aeruginosa to carbapenems. Amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefixime, and cefuroxime are suitable oral antibiotics for empirical treatment. For sick patients, piperacillin-tazobactam, aminoglycosides, and carbapenems should be considered. Antibiotic stewardship is the need of an hour. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:34:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-564b439e39314ad1928dadb99657c224 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1319-2442 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:34:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation |
| spelling | doaj.art-564b439e39314ad1928dadb99657c2242023-07-21T13:05:40ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsSaudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation1319-24422022-01-01337536010.4103/1319-2442.374382Microbiological Spectrum and Antibiogram of Urinary Tract Infection in a Tertiary Care Center from the Kingdom of BahrainRayees Yousuf SheikhSoni MurdeshwarTeerath Kumar MaheshwariSaramma ChackoUrinary tract infection is the second-most common after respiratory infections. This is a single-center retrospective study conducted in Bahrain Specialist Hospital, Bahrain. Urine culture data from November 2011 until December 2020 was obtained from the hospital database. Out of 28082, 4849 (17.3%) cultures were positive. One hundred and thirty-four (2.8%) showed the growth of multiple organisms. The male-to-female ratio was 3.7. Most of the patients [1872 (39.7%)] were 20–40 years. Men and women were 53.84 ± 25.85 and 43.41 ± 23.89 years, respectively; P <0.001. 4118/4715 (87.3%) were Gram-negative. Five hundred and sixty-four (11.9 %) and 33 (0.7%) were Gram-positive cocci and fungi, respectively. Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the most common and Klebsiella species were second-most common, accounting for 2916 (61.8%) and 586 (12.4%), respectively. 30.2% of all E. coli and 130 (22.2%) of all Klebsiella species were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers. ESBL Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis were present more in inpatients (P <0.001). P. aeruginosa was found more in women (P <0.001). E. coli was resistant to cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin in 28%, 17.3%, and 18.1%, respectively. ESBL E. coli and ESBL K. pneumoniae were resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate, cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin in 73.8%, 62.3%, 62.4%, 58.4% and 68.2%, 62.6%, 55.7%, and 41.8% respectively. There is a high incidence of ESBL E. coli and ESBL K. pneumoniae. There is alarmingly increased resistance of P. aeruginosa to carbapenems. Amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefixime, and cefuroxime are suitable oral antibiotics for empirical treatment. For sick patients, piperacillin-tazobactam, aminoglycosides, and carbapenems should be considered. Antibiotic stewardship is the need of an hour.http://www.sjkdt.org/article.asp?issn=1319-2442;year=2022;volume=33;issue=7;spage=53;epage=60;aulast=Sheikh |
| spellingShingle | Rayees Yousuf Sheikh Soni Murdeshwar Teerath Kumar Maheshwari Saramma Chacko Microbiological Spectrum and Antibiogram of Urinary Tract Infection in a Tertiary Care Center from the Kingdom of Bahrain Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation |
| title | Microbiological Spectrum and Antibiogram of Urinary Tract Infection in a Tertiary Care Center from the Kingdom of Bahrain |
| title_full | Microbiological Spectrum and Antibiogram of Urinary Tract Infection in a Tertiary Care Center from the Kingdom of Bahrain |
| title_fullStr | Microbiological Spectrum and Antibiogram of Urinary Tract Infection in a Tertiary Care Center from the Kingdom of Bahrain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microbiological Spectrum and Antibiogram of Urinary Tract Infection in a Tertiary Care Center from the Kingdom of Bahrain |
| title_short | Microbiological Spectrum and Antibiogram of Urinary Tract Infection in a Tertiary Care Center from the Kingdom of Bahrain |
| title_sort | microbiological spectrum and antibiogram of urinary tract infection in a tertiary care center from the kingdom of bahrain |
| url | http://www.sjkdt.org/article.asp?issn=1319-2442;year=2022;volume=33;issue=7;spage=53;epage=60;aulast=Sheikh |
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