Aspalathin and Other Rooibos Flavonoids Trapped α-Dicarbonyls and Inhibited Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products In Vitro
The excessive dietary intake of simple sugars and abnormal metabolism in certain diseases contribute to the increased production of α-dicarbonyls (α-DCs), such as methylglyoxal (MGO) and glyoxal (GO), the main precursors of the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs play a vital r...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/23/14738 |
| _version_ | 1797463139330031616 |
|---|---|
| author | Katarzyna Bednarska Izabela Fecka |
| author_facet | Katarzyna Bednarska Izabela Fecka |
| author_sort | Katarzyna Bednarska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The excessive dietary intake of simple sugars and abnormal metabolism in certain diseases contribute to the increased production of α-dicarbonyls (α-DCs), such as methylglyoxal (MGO) and glyoxal (GO), the main precursors of the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs play a vital role, for example, in the development of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. <i>Aspalathus linearis</i> (Burman f.) R. Dahlgren (known as rooibos tea) exhibits a wide range of activities beneficial for cardio-metabolic health. Thus, the present study aims to investigate unfermented and fermented rooibos extracts and their constituents for the ability to trap MGO and GO. The individual compounds identified in extracts were tested for the capability to inhibit AGEs (with MGO or GO as a glycation agent). Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (UHPLC–ESI–MS) was used to investigate α-DCs’ trapping capacities. To evaluate the antiglycation activity, fluorescence measurement was used. The extract from the unfermented rooibos showed a higher ability to capture MGO/GO and inhibit AGE formation than did the extract from fermented rooibos, and this effect was attributed to a higher content of dihydrochalcones. The compounds detected in the extracts, such as aspalathin, nothofagin, vitexin, isovitexin, and eriodictyol, as well as structurally related phloretin and phloroglucinol (formed by the biotransformation of certain flavonoids), trapped MGO, and some also trapped GO. AGE formation was inhibited the most by isovitexin. However, it was the high content of aspalathin and its higher efficiency than that of metformin that determined the antiglycation and trapping properties of green rooibos. Therefore, <i>A. linearis</i>, in addition to other health benefits, could potentially be used as an α-DC trapping agent and AGE inhibitor. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:46:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-56536adba7db4fbdbc505a3455dc0d60 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:46:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-56536adba7db4fbdbc505a3455dc0d602023-11-24T11:07:03ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-11-0123231473810.3390/ijms232314738Aspalathin and Other Rooibos Flavonoids Trapped α-Dicarbonyls and Inhibited Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products In VitroKatarzyna Bednarska0Izabela Fecka1Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandThe excessive dietary intake of simple sugars and abnormal metabolism in certain diseases contribute to the increased production of α-dicarbonyls (α-DCs), such as methylglyoxal (MGO) and glyoxal (GO), the main precursors of the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs play a vital role, for example, in the development of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. <i>Aspalathus linearis</i> (Burman f.) R. Dahlgren (known as rooibos tea) exhibits a wide range of activities beneficial for cardio-metabolic health. Thus, the present study aims to investigate unfermented and fermented rooibos extracts and their constituents for the ability to trap MGO and GO. The individual compounds identified in extracts were tested for the capability to inhibit AGEs (with MGO or GO as a glycation agent). Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer (UHPLC–ESI–MS) was used to investigate α-DCs’ trapping capacities. To evaluate the antiglycation activity, fluorescence measurement was used. The extract from the unfermented rooibos showed a higher ability to capture MGO/GO and inhibit AGE formation than did the extract from fermented rooibos, and this effect was attributed to a higher content of dihydrochalcones. The compounds detected in the extracts, such as aspalathin, nothofagin, vitexin, isovitexin, and eriodictyol, as well as structurally related phloretin and phloroglucinol (formed by the biotransformation of certain flavonoids), trapped MGO, and some also trapped GO. AGE formation was inhibited the most by isovitexin. However, it was the high content of aspalathin and its higher efficiency than that of metformin that determined the antiglycation and trapping properties of green rooibos. Therefore, <i>A. linearis</i>, in addition to other health benefits, could potentially be used as an α-DC trapping agent and AGE inhibitor.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/23/14738methylglyoxalglyoxaladvanced glycation end productstrapping of dicarbonyls<i>Aspalathus linearis</i>rooibos |
| spellingShingle | Katarzyna Bednarska Izabela Fecka Aspalathin and Other Rooibos Flavonoids Trapped α-Dicarbonyls and Inhibited Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products In Vitro International Journal of Molecular Sciences methylglyoxal glyoxal advanced glycation end products trapping of dicarbonyls <i>Aspalathus linearis</i> rooibos |
| title | Aspalathin and Other Rooibos Flavonoids Trapped α-Dicarbonyls and Inhibited Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products In Vitro |
| title_full | Aspalathin and Other Rooibos Flavonoids Trapped α-Dicarbonyls and Inhibited Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products In Vitro |
| title_fullStr | Aspalathin and Other Rooibos Flavonoids Trapped α-Dicarbonyls and Inhibited Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products In Vitro |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aspalathin and Other Rooibos Flavonoids Trapped α-Dicarbonyls and Inhibited Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products In Vitro |
| title_short | Aspalathin and Other Rooibos Flavonoids Trapped α-Dicarbonyls and Inhibited Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products In Vitro |
| title_sort | aspalathin and other rooibos flavonoids trapped α dicarbonyls and inhibited formation of advanced glycation end products in vitro |
| topic | methylglyoxal glyoxal advanced glycation end products trapping of dicarbonyls <i>Aspalathus linearis</i> rooibos |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/23/14738 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT katarzynabednarska aspalathinandotherrooibosflavonoidstrappedadicarbonylsandinhibitedformationofadvancedglycationendproductsinvitro AT izabelafecka aspalathinandotherrooibosflavonoidstrappedadicarbonylsandinhibitedformationofadvancedglycationendproductsinvitro |