Mixed Infection of <i>Mycobacterium szulgai</i>, <i>M. lentiflavum</i>, and Gram-Negative Bacteria as a Cause of Death in a Brown Caiman <i>Caiman crocodylus</i>: A Case Report
This paper describes a fatal case of nontuberculosis mycobacteriosis in a four-year-old brown caiman kept in captivity. Although the clinical signs were asymptomatic, severe gross lesions were observed, namely necrotic inflammation of the intestines and granulomatous hepatitis. Microbiological and h...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/3/133 |
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| author | Aleksandra Maluta Magdalena Zając Monika Krajewska-Wędzina Dariusz Wasyl Kim Heckers Anna Didkowska Krzysztof Anusz |
| author_facet | Aleksandra Maluta Magdalena Zając Monika Krajewska-Wędzina Dariusz Wasyl Kim Heckers Anna Didkowska Krzysztof Anusz |
| author_sort | Aleksandra Maluta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper describes a fatal case of nontuberculosis mycobacteriosis in a four-year-old brown caiman kept in captivity. Although the clinical signs were asymptomatic, severe gross lesions were observed, namely necrotic inflammation of the intestines and granulomatous hepatitis. Microbiological and histopathological examination performed on the tissues collected postmortem revealed a mixed infection of <i>Mycobacterium lentiflavum</i> and <i>Mycobacterium szulgai</i>, secondarily mimicked with <i>Salmonella Coeln</i>, <i>Aeromonas hydrofila</i>, <i>Citrobacter freundii</i>, and <i>Providencia rettgeri</i>. Those microorganisms are not only potentially pathogenic to reptiles, but also have a zoonotic importance for humans. Our findings clearly demonstrate the importance of educating owners and maintaining hygiene rules when handling reptiles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:17:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-565896d9b5f7410898d6d9740b800eeb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-7381 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:17:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-565896d9b5f7410898d6d9740b800eeb2023-11-30T22:44:37ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812022-03-019313310.3390/vetsci9030133Mixed Infection of <i>Mycobacterium szulgai</i>, <i>M. lentiflavum</i>, and Gram-Negative Bacteria as a Cause of Death in a Brown Caiman <i>Caiman crocodylus</i>: A Case ReportAleksandra Maluta0Magdalena Zając1Monika Krajewska-Wędzina2Dariusz Wasyl3Kim Heckers4Anna Didkowska5Krzysztof Anusz6Veterinary Clinic and Hospital for Exotic Pets OAZA, ul. Potocka 4, 01-652 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Al. Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Al. Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Al. Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, PolandLaboklin Labor fur Klinische Diagnostic GmbH& C.O. KG, 97688 Bad Kissingen, GermanyDepartment of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (S.G.G.W.), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (S.G.G.W.), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, PolandThis paper describes a fatal case of nontuberculosis mycobacteriosis in a four-year-old brown caiman kept in captivity. Although the clinical signs were asymptomatic, severe gross lesions were observed, namely necrotic inflammation of the intestines and granulomatous hepatitis. Microbiological and histopathological examination performed on the tissues collected postmortem revealed a mixed infection of <i>Mycobacterium lentiflavum</i> and <i>Mycobacterium szulgai</i>, secondarily mimicked with <i>Salmonella Coeln</i>, <i>Aeromonas hydrofila</i>, <i>Citrobacter freundii</i>, and <i>Providencia rettgeri</i>. Those microorganisms are not only potentially pathogenic to reptiles, but also have a zoonotic importance for humans. Our findings clearly demonstrate the importance of educating owners and maintaining hygiene rules when handling reptiles.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/3/133caimanmycobacteriosis<i>Mycobacterium lentiflavum</i><i>Mycobacterium szulgai</i>nontuberculosisreptiles |
| spellingShingle | Aleksandra Maluta Magdalena Zając Monika Krajewska-Wędzina Dariusz Wasyl Kim Heckers Anna Didkowska Krzysztof Anusz Mixed Infection of <i>Mycobacterium szulgai</i>, <i>M. lentiflavum</i>, and Gram-Negative Bacteria as a Cause of Death in a Brown Caiman <i>Caiman crocodylus</i>: A Case Report Veterinary Sciences caiman mycobacteriosis <i>Mycobacterium lentiflavum</i> <i>Mycobacterium szulgai</i> nontuberculosis reptiles |
| title | Mixed Infection of <i>Mycobacterium szulgai</i>, <i>M. lentiflavum</i>, and Gram-Negative Bacteria as a Cause of Death in a Brown Caiman <i>Caiman crocodylus</i>: A Case Report |
| title_full | Mixed Infection of <i>Mycobacterium szulgai</i>, <i>M. lentiflavum</i>, and Gram-Negative Bacteria as a Cause of Death in a Brown Caiman <i>Caiman crocodylus</i>: A Case Report |
| title_fullStr | Mixed Infection of <i>Mycobacterium szulgai</i>, <i>M. lentiflavum</i>, and Gram-Negative Bacteria as a Cause of Death in a Brown Caiman <i>Caiman crocodylus</i>: A Case Report |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mixed Infection of <i>Mycobacterium szulgai</i>, <i>M. lentiflavum</i>, and Gram-Negative Bacteria as a Cause of Death in a Brown Caiman <i>Caiman crocodylus</i>: A Case Report |
| title_short | Mixed Infection of <i>Mycobacterium szulgai</i>, <i>M. lentiflavum</i>, and Gram-Negative Bacteria as a Cause of Death in a Brown Caiman <i>Caiman crocodylus</i>: A Case Report |
| title_sort | mixed infection of i mycobacterium szulgai i i m lentiflavum i and gram negative bacteria as a cause of death in a brown caiman i caiman crocodylus i a case report |
| topic | caiman mycobacteriosis <i>Mycobacterium lentiflavum</i> <i>Mycobacterium szulgai</i> nontuberculosis reptiles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/3/133 |
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