α-Defensins Promote Bacteroides Colonization on Mucosal Reservoir to Prevent Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis
In addition to their established functions in host defense, accumulating evidence has suggested an emerging role for antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) in shaping commensal microbiota. However, the role of α-defensins, the most abundant AMPs of intestine, in regulating microbial ecology remains inconclus...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.02065/full |
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| author | Jiayao Ou Jiayao Ou Jiayao Ou Shaonan Liang Shaonan Liang Shaonan Liang Xue-Kun Guo Xue-Kun Guo Xue-Kun Guo Xiaoyu Hu Xiaoyu Hu Xiaoyu Hu |
| author_facet | Jiayao Ou Jiayao Ou Jiayao Ou Shaonan Liang Shaonan Liang Shaonan Liang Xue-Kun Guo Xue-Kun Guo Xue-Kun Guo Xiaoyu Hu Xiaoyu Hu Xiaoyu Hu |
| author_sort | Jiayao Ou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In addition to their established functions in host defense, accumulating evidence has suggested an emerging role for antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) in shaping commensal microbiota. However, the role of α-defensins, the most abundant AMPs of intestine, in regulating microbial ecology remains inconclusive. Here, we report that α-defensins promote commensal Bacteroides colonization by enhancing bacterial adhesion to the mucosal reservoir. Experiments utilizing mice deficient in matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7), the α-defensin–activating enzyme, with rigorous littermate controls showed that α-defensin deficiency did not significantly influence steady-state intestinal microbiota. In contrast, α-defensins are essential for replenishment of commensal Bacteroides from the mucosal reservoir following antibiotics-induced dysbiosis, shown by markedly compromised recovery of Bacteroides in Mmp7−/− animals. Mechanistically, α-defensins promote Bacteroides colonization on epithelial surfaces in vivo and adhesion to epithelial cells in vitro. Moreover, α-defensins unexpectedly does not show any microbicidal activities against Bacteroides. Together, we propose that α-defensins promote commensal bacterial colonization and recovery to maintain microbial diversity upon environmental challenges. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T11:31:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-5664cbd57d7f4de58c4860990f13204e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T11:31:18Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-5664cbd57d7f4de58c4860990f13204e2022-12-21T23:47:55ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242020-09-011110.3389/fimmu.2020.02065553370α-Defensins Promote Bacteroides Colonization on Mucosal Reservoir to Prevent Antibiotic-Induced DysbiosisJiayao Ou0Jiayao Ou1Jiayao Ou2Shaonan Liang3Shaonan Liang4Shaonan Liang5Xue-Kun Guo6Xue-Kun Guo7Xue-Kun Guo8Xiaoyu Hu9Xiaoyu Hu10Xiaoyu Hu11Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaTsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaInstitute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaTsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaInstitute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaTsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaInstitute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaTsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaIn addition to their established functions in host defense, accumulating evidence has suggested an emerging role for antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) in shaping commensal microbiota. However, the role of α-defensins, the most abundant AMPs of intestine, in regulating microbial ecology remains inconclusive. Here, we report that α-defensins promote commensal Bacteroides colonization by enhancing bacterial adhesion to the mucosal reservoir. Experiments utilizing mice deficient in matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7), the α-defensin–activating enzyme, with rigorous littermate controls showed that α-defensin deficiency did not significantly influence steady-state intestinal microbiota. In contrast, α-defensins are essential for replenishment of commensal Bacteroides from the mucosal reservoir following antibiotics-induced dysbiosis, shown by markedly compromised recovery of Bacteroides in Mmp7−/− animals. Mechanistically, α-defensins promote Bacteroides colonization on epithelial surfaces in vivo and adhesion to epithelial cells in vitro. Moreover, α-defensins unexpectedly does not show any microbicidal activities against Bacteroides. Together, we propose that α-defensins promote commensal bacterial colonization and recovery to maintain microbial diversity upon environmental challenges.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.02065/fullantimicrobial proteinsα-defensinsmicrobiota colonizationmucosal reservoirintestinal epithelial cell |
| spellingShingle | Jiayao Ou Jiayao Ou Jiayao Ou Shaonan Liang Shaonan Liang Shaonan Liang Xue-Kun Guo Xue-Kun Guo Xue-Kun Guo Xiaoyu Hu Xiaoyu Hu Xiaoyu Hu α-Defensins Promote Bacteroides Colonization on Mucosal Reservoir to Prevent Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis Frontiers in Immunology antimicrobial proteins α-defensins microbiota colonization mucosal reservoir intestinal epithelial cell |
| title | α-Defensins Promote Bacteroides Colonization on Mucosal Reservoir to Prevent Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis |
| title_full | α-Defensins Promote Bacteroides Colonization on Mucosal Reservoir to Prevent Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis |
| title_fullStr | α-Defensins Promote Bacteroides Colonization on Mucosal Reservoir to Prevent Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | α-Defensins Promote Bacteroides Colonization on Mucosal Reservoir to Prevent Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis |
| title_short | α-Defensins Promote Bacteroides Colonization on Mucosal Reservoir to Prevent Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis |
| title_sort | α defensins promote bacteroides colonization on mucosal reservoir to prevent antibiotic induced dysbiosis |
| topic | antimicrobial proteins α-defensins microbiota colonization mucosal reservoir intestinal epithelial cell |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2020.02065/full |
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